1. Chapter 13 The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Landforms
Elemental Geosystems 5e
Robert W. Christopherson
Charles E. Thomsen

3. The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Landforms
Global Oceans and Seas  
Coastal System Components  
Coastal System Actions  
Coastal System Outputs  
Human Impact on Coastal Environments

4. Global Oceans and Seas Chemical Composition of Seawater
Ocean chemistry
Average salinity 35‰
Physical Structure of the Ocean  

5. Figure 13.1

6. Ocean’s Physical Structure
Figure 13.2

7. Coastal System Components
The Coastal Environment and Sea Level  

8. Littoral Zone
Figure 13.3

9. Ocean Topography
Figure 13.4

10. Coastal System Actions
Tides  
Causes of tides
Spring and neap tides
Tidal power
Waves  
Wave refraction
Tsunami, or seismic sea wave

11. Tides
Figure 13.5

12. Tidal Range and Tidal Power
Figure 13.6

13. Wave Formation
Figure 13.7

14. Rip Current
Figure 13.7

15. Coastal Straightening
Figure 13.8

16. Longshore Current and Beach Drift
Figure 13.9

17. Coastal System Outputs
Erosional Coastal Processes and Landforms  
Depositional Coastal Processes and Landforms
Beaches
Barrier beach formations
Barrier island hazards
Biological Processes: Coral Formations  
Coral reefs
Coral bleaching
Wetlands, Salt Marshes, and Mangrove Swamps
Coastal wetlands

18. Erosional Features
Figure

19. Rebounding Coast
Figure HLC

20. Depositional Coastal Features
Figure

21. Littoral Drift
Figure

22. NC Barrier Islands
Figure

23. Chandeleur Islands
Figure 13.14

24. Coral Reef Distribution
Figure

25. Coral Reef Formation and Forms
Figure 13.16

26. Coral Formations
Figure 13.16

27. Coastal Salt Marsh
Figure

28. Mangroves
Figure

29. Beach Erosion
Figure 13.20

30. Coastal Planning
Figure FS

31. Coastal Erosion
Figure

32. Elemental Geosystems 5e
End of Chapter 13
Elemental Geosystems 5e
Robert W. Christopherson
Charles E. Thomsen