1. Food Security
Causes of insecurity, from global to local

2. Food Security
Food security : when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life

3. Components of Food Security
The Centre for Studies in Food Security notes five components of food security:
1. Availability:   Sufficient food for all people at all times;

4. Components of Food Security
The Centre for Studies in Food Security notes five components of food security:
2. Accessibility:  Physical and economic access to food for all at all times;

5. Components of Food Security
The Centre for Studies in Food Security notes five components of food security:
3. Adequacy:      Access to food that is nutritious and safe, and produced in environmentally sustainable ways

6. Components of Food Security
4. Acceptability: Access to culturally acceptable food, which is produced and obtained in ways that do not compromise people's dignity, self-respect or human rights.

7. Components of Food Security
5. Agency:  The policies and processes that enable the achievement of food security.

8. Issues in food security: Rising Food Prices
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9. Issues in food security: Rising Food Prices
Why are politicians becoming more involved with the issue of food insecurity?
The radio broadcast reports that many organizations predict food prices to double in upcoming years. If this happens, what do you think the political effects will be? What about the humanitarian effects?

10. Food Security in India
indias-growing-problem-food-productions

11. Food Security in India
What type of food insecurity (lack of food or lack of nutrition) is the most prevalent in India?
How big a role does water availability play into food security in India?
What impact will additional water pumps, dry season cropping, fertilizers, pesticides and other food insecurity solutions have on the environment?

12. Food Security in Nigeria
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13. Food Security in Nigeria
What type of food insecurity (lack of food or lack of nutrition) is the most prevalent in Nigeria?
What factors foster food insecurity in Nigeria?
What conclusions can you draw about the role of government in ensuring food security from this video?

14. Food Security in Canada
How big of an issue?

15. Canadian Food Security Stats
9% or 2.7 million Canadians are considered "food insecure"
This means that many Canadians are not sure where their next meal is coming from or if they’ll have enough resources to prepare a sufficient and nutritious meal for themselves or their families.

18. Food bank use is at a record high, with 867, 948 Canadians relying on food banks in a one month period.
Of these food bank users, 41% are children

19. Vulnerable to Food Insecurity
Income Assistance Recipients - People who receive income assistance as their main source of income, make up over 50% of the clients at food banks

20. Vulnerable to Food Insecurity
Working Poor - The second largest group of food bank clients are people with jobs, at about 13.1%. Due to low wage incomes, they are unable to meet basic needs for themselves and their families, even with full-time jobs.

21. Vulnerable to Food Insecurity
Seniors - About 7.1% of food bank clients are seniors.

22. Vulnerable to Food Insecurity
Children - Children under 18 represent approximately 40.7% of food bank clients in Canada, and the situation of child poverty has not improved since 1989 when Canada had made an all- party resolution to end child poverty.

23. Vulnerable to Food Insecurity
Lone Mothers - According to Statistics Canada,1 in 4 of Canada’s lone- parent or single- parent families, are headed by women; 41% of whom, in 2001, were living below the poverty line.

24. Why does hunger exist in Canada?
What are some reasons for food insecurity?
 Unequal distribution of food globally and locally
 Societal treatment of food as a commodity
 Inadequate resources to produce food in a sustainable way
Limiting trade restrictions and government policies on food exportation and importation
 Poverty

25. Approaches to Address Food Security Issues
i. Short Term
Short-term relief strategies are the first level on the Food Security continuum. 
This level represents emergency programs such as charitable food distribution agencies which intervene to prevent hunger and famine in times of environmental, societal or personal crisis.   

26. Approaches to Address Food Security Issues
Examples:
Babies First/Steps and Stages Pregnant women and families with children under 18 months have access to a food cupboard, food vouchers, nutritious snacks and lunch at these CPNP/CAPC drop-in programs at the Ontario Early Years Centre.  

27. Approaches to Address Food Security Issues
Soup Kitchens Usually held in a church basement or other community building where the community provides free food to people living on the street or who are in need.

28. Approaches to Address Food Security Issues
ii. Capacity Building
Effort to bridge gaps between the community and public policy, and to build-up the capacity of individuals to improve or control their own food-provision situation.

29. Approaches to Address Food Security Issues
Community Kitchens (Peer-Led)
Collective Kitchens are a place where people can meet to cook food for themselves and/or their families. Prices are kept low as meals are planned based around supermarket specials. Community Members may meet twice a month - once to plan and once to cook 3 to 5 meals to take home.

30. Approaches to Address Food Security Issues
Community Gardens • A Community Garden is a cooperative venture in which families, groups or individuals get together to grow their own vegetables, fruits, herbs, and flowers on public or private land. There are several sites located around the city to garden.

31. Approaches to Address Food Security Issues
iii. Structural Redesign
The redesign approach is the most effective strategy for attacking the core issues of poverty, food system sustainability, and promoting the connection between health and social environment.

32. Approaches to Address Food Security Issues
Nutritious Food Basket The National Nutritious Food Basket (NNFB), which is a list of 66 food items that has been validated for use in Nova Scotia to estimate the cost of a basic, nutritious diet.  In 2002 it was found that the cost of the NNFB for a family of four was $502.79, a   price which many Nova Scotians cannot afford, especially those living on Income Assistance or earning  minimum-wage.