1. Rodentia: Gnawing Mammals

2. Rodentia Checklist one pair of upper and lower incisors –each enlarged, sharply beveled, ever-growing –enamel on outer surface only diastama between incisors and premolars other skull features

3. Sciuridae: Squirrels

4. Gray Squirrel Sciurus caroliniensis melanistic (black) form in some areas Besides nuts, also eat flowers, bark, buds, bird eggs, insects, carrion

5. Fox Squirrel Sciurus niger “fox” refers to the reddish color less arboreal, favors more open habitats

6. Red Squirrel Tamiasciurus hudsonicus favors evergreens to mixed forests store unripe cones in middens also eat bird eggs, mushrooms loud and vocal

7. Southern Flying Squirrel Glaucomys volans more common of the two species glide rather than powered flight prefers deciduous woods diet of fungi, lichens, nuts, seeds, bird eggs, sap

8. Northern Flying Squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus prefer coniferous woods doesn’t hibernate eat hypogenous fungi susceptible to nematode parasite, Stongyloides robustus G. volans is less susceptible

9. Eastern Chipmunk Tamias striatus Facial stripes Cheek pouches 1 in east, 21 in west

10. Woodchuck Marmota monax are a ground squirrel AKA groundhog, whistle-pig true hibernators burrow up to 30’

11. Castoridae Beaver Castor canadensis our largest rodent perhaps most important animal in settling of North America tail slapping threat behavior can remain submerged 15 minutes

12. Cricetidae: Native Rats, Mice & Voles Largest family of NA mammals

13. Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus feed on cattails and aquatic plants actively scent-mark territories, hence the name domed huts tapered, hairless, scaly tail differs from beaver’s flat tail

14. Deer Mouse Peromyscus maniculatus

15. White-footed Mouse Peromyscus leucopus

16. Eastern Woodrat Neotoma floridana

17. Southern Red-backed Vole Clethrionomys gapperi

18. Meadow Vole Microtus pennsylvanicus

19. Rock Vole Microtus chrotorrhinus

20. Woodland Vole Microtus pinetorum

21. Southern Bog Lemming Synaptomys cooperi

22. Muridae: Old World Rats & Mice

23. Norway Rat (I) Rattus norvegicus

24. House Mouse (I) Mus musculus

25. Meadow Jumping Mouse Zapus hudsonius Zapodidae: Jumping Mice

26. Woodland Jumping Mouse Napaeozapus insignis

27. Porcupine Erethizon dorsatum quills are modified hairs with barbed tip few predators except Fisher in winter, feed on inner bark of trees more varied diet in summer Erethizontidae: Porcupines