1. Bellringer What are reasons Steve Jobs (former Apple CEO) said that jobs making iPhones would never move to the United States? Get out your notebook for Ch 12 notes

2. INDUSTRY AND SERVICES Chapter 12 Lecture Did you do your homework? Turn it in!

3. Industrial Regions of the US – Why There?

4. Location Theories Location theory: –Predicting where business will or should be located Location depends on: 1.Variable costs Energy, transportation, labor 2.Friction of distance increased distance increases costs

5. Location Models Weber’s Model Manufacturing plants will locate where costs of transportation, labor, and agglomeration are the least Theory: Least Cost Theory Hotelling’s Model Location of an industry depends on location of other industries of the same kind Theory: Locational Interdependence Losch’s Model Manufacturing plants choose locations where they can maximize profit Theory: Zone of Profitability

6. Major Manufacturing Regions of North America

7. How Has Industrial Production Changed? Fordist : Dominant mode of mass production during the 20 th century, with production of goods at a single site Post-Fordist: Current mode of production with more flexible production practices – Multinational companies (like Apple) can shift production, outsourcing it around the world

8. Time-Space Compression Improvements in transportation and communications technologies has led to post- Fordist systems Global division of labor: Corporations drawing from labor around the globe for different components of production

9. A Changing Economy Deindustrialization –A process by which companies move industrial jobs to other regions with cheaper labor –Leads to high unemployment in deindustrialized region –Manufacturing jobs are sometimes replaced with service jobs