1. www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr French Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable development and Energy CO2 emissions from Transport services : Calculation and declaration Benjamin Collin Directorate General for Infrastructures, Transport and the Sea 26-27 September 2013

2. 17/12/2012 2 Transport GHG Emissions in France  Transport GHG emissions in France : 133 Mt eqCO2 in 2011 (international transport not included)  27 % of total GHG emissions in France, first economic sector in terms of GHG emissions  A steady growth between 1990 and 2005, slightly decreasing now Source : French Climate Action Plan, 2011

3. 17/12/2012 3 A Major Issue for The Reduction of GHG Emissions  the share of transport in total emissions is going to increase Evolution scheduled in a business as usual (BAU) scenario without new political measure

4. 17/12/2012 4  Grenelle laws for environment (August 2009 and July 2010)  For the transport sector :  Reduction of 20 % of GHG emissions in 2020 (bringing them back to 1990-level)  Promotion of motorways of the sea and rail motorways  Construction of new high speed lines  Development of urban public transport (new dedicated lines)  For information on GHG emissions  Information on the environmental impact of products  Information on GHG emissions of public entities (state activity and local authorities) and private companies  Information on CO 2 emissions from transport services National Targets (France)

5. 17/12/2012 5 France Targets for GHG Emissions  Global target  A worldwide reduction of 50 % to restrict global warming to 2°C  French President declared that France would argue for an ambitious target of a 40% reduction in greenhouse gases by 2030 and of 60% by 2040 (from 1990 levels)  National targets  A reduction of 75 % (factor 4)  For the transport sector, the reduction needed has been evaluated to about 65 % (Centre for strategic analysis- December 2011)

6. 17/12/2012 6 Information on Transport Services CO 2 Emissions  Work initiated in 2008  Creation of an Observatory for energy and environment in transport  Review of existing methods for CO 2 calculation in transport (eco- comparator, calculation on a voluntary basis)  The final version of the standard will be published in early 2013

7. 17/12/2012 7 Information on Transport Services CO 2 Emissions – The French regulation  Article L. 1431-3 of the transport code  “ Public or private persons organising or selling a transport service for passengers, goods or moving purposes have to provide to the beneficiary of the transport service the quantity of carbon dioxide emitted by the means of transport used. »  The decree enforcing this article was published on the 25 th of October 2011  The ministerial orders giving the details for the application of the decree were published in April 2012

8. 17/12/2012 8 Information on Transport Services CO 2 Emissions  Main characteristics  CO 2 emissions only (CEN standard allows for all GHG emissions)  Information has to be given by every person or entity in charge of organizing or selling transport services  All modes of transport are concerned (aviation, maritime, road, rail, urban transport and inland waterways)  Trips taken into account : at least a departure or an arrival in France, the international part of the journey is also included  No exclusion for « small » services (packages deliveries, cabs)  All loaded and empty trips are taken into account  Mandatory information

9. 17/12/2012 9 Scope of Emissions  Processes included  Vehicles processes (tank-to-wheels)  Energy processes (well-to-tank)  For fuels : cultivation, refining, transformation, transport and distribution of energy  For electricity : extraction and transport of primary energy, transformation, power generation, losses in electricity grid  Processes not included  Short term assistance to the vehicle for movement security reasons (tugboats in harbor, aircraft tractors in airports, …)  Transhipments or cargo movement or passengers movement by external handling, transhipment or movement devices  Processes at the administrative level (operation of buildings, personnel movement, computer systems, …)  Vehicles construction, maintenance and scrapping ; transport infrastructures construction, service, maintenance and dismantling

10. 17/12/2012 10 Methodology for Calculation  Identification of the different legs of the transport service  Leg : section of a route within which the cargo or the passenger is carried with a given vehicle  Calculation of CO 2 emissions for each leg  Sum of the results for each leg A C BD truck train Leg 1 Leg 3 Leg 2

11. 17/12/2012 11 Emissions for a Leg: Measurement Unit  The calculation is done for a given vehicle which is used to realize several transport services  For the calculation, a measurement unit has to be chosen for each prestation share assessment  For passenger transport : passenger x kilometer, …  For freight transport : ton x kilometer, m 3 x kilometer or kilometer, …  For mix transport (passenger and freight) : ton x kilometer (aviation), number of decks (maritime, ropax), …

12. 17/12/2012 12 Categories of Values  The following categories of values, given by order of preference, may be used :  Specific measured values  Transport operator vehicle-type or route-type specific values  Transport operator fleet values  Default values (for small companies or when data is not available)

13. 17/12/2012 13 Methodology for Calculation  Main formula (which can be adapted) : Kilometric consumption rate Number of kilometers for the service x x Number of units transported for the service Average number of units transported in the vehicle x Emission factor

14. 17/12/2012 14

15. 17/12/2012 15

16. 17/12/2012 16 Example  Vehicle used  Consumption rate : 34 litres per km  Quantification of units transported  Mass (tons)  Average number of units transported in the vehicle  15 tons (for a vehicle capacity of 25 tons)  Description of the service :  Distance : 400 km  Transported units : 5 tons  Emission factor : 3,07 kgCO 2 per litre (diesel) (data given in a ministerial order)

17. 17/12/2012 17 Calculation 0,34 l / km x 400 km x x 3,07 kgCO 2 / l = 139 kg CO 2 5 t 15 t Information given to the beneficiary Values given by order Values specific to the company or given by order Values specific to the service A guideline is available since October 2012 with explanation on general rules and examples for diversified transport activities (34 examples)

18. 17/12/2012 18 Communication of CO 2 Information  CO 2 emissions from well-to-wheels and possibly also from well-to-tank and tank-to-wheels  According to circumstances, information will have to be given before or after the fulfillment of the transport service  In some cases, a simplified communication will be possible : for example, for public transport (subway ticket without origin nor destination)

19. 17/12/2012 19 Conclusions  First step towards detailed information on CO 2 emissions from transport services  For international trips : a strong need for harmonised information  Implementation is different depending on the type of service  Data collected will also be very dependent on chosen information category, meaning fleixibility for professionals  In addition to CO 2 information, many other applications may be developed to help the companies or the local authorities to reduce their transport services CO 2 emissions  In addition to data gathering, there is a need for specialised softwares (information, support for reduction action plans, eco- driving, …)  Encompassing all GHG is under scrutiny

20. 17/12/2012 20 France hosts COP2015  France will host and preside over the 2015 Climate Conference ( COP21 / CMP11), after Durban hosting the 10th  Paris-Le Bourget, December 2015  A conference to agree upon worldwide GHG reduction targets  France already has one of the lowest levels of per capita greenhouse gas emissions among developed countries and preparing its own ecological and energy transition towards a future of low carbon consumption and emission

21. www.developpement-durable.gouv.fr French Ministry of Ecology, Sustainable development and Energy Thank you for listening ! Any Questions ?