1. 1 The 21 st Century Internet: A Planetary Fiber Backbone With Wireless Everywhere Coronado Roundtable San Diego, CA April 23, 2004 Dr. Larry Smarr Director, California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technologies Harry E. Gruber Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Jacobs School of Engineering, UCSD

2. 2 California’s Institutes for Science and Innovation A Bold Experiment in Collaborative Research UCSB UCLA California NanoSystems Institute UCSF UCB California Institute for Bioengineering, Biotechnology, and Quantitative Biomedical Research UCI UCSD California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology Center for Information Technology Research in the Interest of Society UCSC UCD UCM www.ucop.edu/california-institutes

3. 3 Where is Telecommunications Research Performed? A Historic Shift Source: Bob Lucky, Telcordia/SAIC U.S. Industry Non-U.S. Universities U.S. Universities Percent Of The Papers Published IEEE Transactions On Communications 70% 85%

4. 4 Cal-(IT) 2 --An Integrated Approach the Future of the Internet www.calit2.net UC San Diego & UC Irvine Faculty Working in Multidisciplinary Teams With Students, Industry, and the Community

5. 5 Two New Cal-(IT) 2 Buildings Will be Finished This Year Will Create New Laboratory Facilities –Interdisciplinary Teams –Wireless and Optical Networking –Computer Arts Virtual Reality –Clean Rooms for Nanotech and BioMEMS Bioengineering UC San Diego UC Irvine See www.calit2.net for Live VideoCamswww.calit2.net State of California Provided $100M Capital

6. 6 San Diego is the Wireless Capital of the World There are over 300 Telecom Companies Here Weekly Meetings of Special Interest Groups Collaboration Between Council and Universities www.sdtelecom.org/

7. 7 Cal-(IT) 2 is Exploring the Implications of George Gilder’s Philosophy “A global economy designed to waste transistors, power, and silicon area -and conserve bandwidth above all- is breaking apart and reorganizing itself to waste bandwidth and conserve power, silicon area, and transistors." George Gilder Telecosm (2000) Bandwidth is getting cheaper faster than storage. Storage is getting cheaper faster than computing. Exponentials are crossing.

8. 8 Wireless Access--Anywhere, Anytime –Broadband Speeds –Cellular Interoperating with Wi-Fi Billions of New Wireless Internet End Points –Information Appliances (Including Cell Phones) –Sensors and Actuators –Embedded Processors Backbone Fiber Network –Multiple Wavelengths of Light Per Fiber –Linking Clusters, Storage, Visualization –Massive Distributed Data Sets Cal-(IT) 2 Will “Live in the Future” of the “Always-On” Internet

9. 9 Transitioning to the “Always-On” Mobile Internet 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600 1,800 2,000 1999200020012002200320042005 Mobile Internet Fixed Internet Subscribers (millions) Source: Ericsson Two Modes of Wireless: Wide Area Cellular Internet Local Access Wi-Fi

10. 10 Using Students to Invent the Future of Widespread Use of Wireless Devices Broadband Internet Connection via Wireless Wi-Fi –Over 600 Access Points on the Campus Year- Long “Living Laboratory” Experiment 2001-02 –500 Computer Science & Engineering Undergraduates 300 Entering UCSD Sixth College Students—Fall 2002 Experiments with Geo-Location and Interactive Maps Cal-(IT) 2 Team: Bill Griswold, Gabriele Wienhausen, UCSD; Rajesh Gupta, UCI UC San Diego UC Irvine

11. 11 Geolocation Will Be an Early New Wireless Internet Application Technologies of Geolocation –GPS chips –Access Point Triangulation –Bluetooth Beacons –Gyro chips Source: Bill Griswold, UCSD UCSD ActiveCampus – Outdoor Map

12. 12 Only Three Years From Research to Market New Broadband Cellular Internet Technology First US Taste of 3G Cellular Internet –UCSD Jacobs School Antenna –Three Years Before Commercial Rollout Linking to 802.11 Mobile “Bubble” –Tested on Campus CyberShuttle Verizon Introduces in San Diego Rooftop Qualcomm 1xEV Access Point www.calit2.net/news/2002/4-2-bbus.html Verizon Rollout Fall 2003 CyberShuttle March 2002 Installed Dec 2000

13. 13 SDSU Santa Margarita Field Station is a SensorNet Living Laboratory Sensor Networks = Real-Time Science and Education Sedra Shapiro, Field Stations Director Larry Smarr, Cal-(IT) 2 Director Pablo Bryant, FS Technical Lead Claudia Luke, SMER Manager Eric Frost, SDSU Prof. Dan Cayan, SIO Water Sensors Cal-(IT) 2 is Hosting An Environmental Hydrology Workshop Spring 2004

14. 14 Can Use of These Technologies Help Us Avoid the Downsides of Prolonged Growth? Add Wireless Sensor Array Build GIS Data Focus on: –Pollution –Water Cycle –Earthquakes –Bridges –Traffic –Policy Work with the Community to Adapt to Growth Huntington Beach Mission Bay San Diego Bay UCSD UCI High Tech Coast

15. 15 Prevailing wind Warm zone Compromised Transportation Corridor Hot Zone Combining These Experiments to Support First Responders Transportation Assets With Mobile Internet Bubble Field Treatment Station Mobile Bubbles Patient RF IDs First Responder PDAs Electronic record of field care Hospital #1 Hospital #2 Stadium WMD Attack Transport station Incident command center 2-Way Telemedicine Control Room GPS Tracking High Bandwidth

16. 16 Joint Evaluations First Responder Wireless Location Aware Systems For Nuclear, Chemical & Radiologic Attacks –Total NIH Award: $4.1 Million. –Duration 10/03 To 10/06 WIISARD Drill 3/16/04 Leslie Lenert, PI UCSD SOM

17. 17 Why Optical Networks Will Become the 21 st Century Driver Scientific American, January 2001 Number of Years 012345 Performance per Dollar Spent Data Storage (bits per square inch) (Doubling time 12 Months) Optical Fiber (bits per second) (Doubling time 9 Months) Silicon Computer Chips (Number of Transistors) (Doubling time 18 Months)

18. 18 Metro Optically Linked Visualization Walls Allow for New Levels of Collaborative Analysis Driven by SensorNets Data –Real Time Seismic –Environmental Monitoring –Distributed Collaboration –Emergency Response Linked UCSD and SDSU –Dedication March 4, 2002 Linking Control Rooms Cox, Panoram, SAIC, SGI, IBM, TeraBurst Networks SD Telecom Council UCSD SDSU 44 Miles of Cox Fiber

19. 19 The OptIPuter Team is Building a National-Scale Collaboratory in 2004 Source: Tom West, CEO, NLR Chicago OptIPuter StarLight NU, UIC SoCal OptIPuter USC, UCI UCSD, SDSU NASA Ames NASA Goddard NEPTUNE In Discussion

20. 20 OptIPuter Connects Through Chicago to Current and Potential International-Scale Partners Source: Tom DeFanti, UIC The OptIPuter Was Born Global! Starlight NU, UIC Univ. of Amsterdam NetherLight Current OptIPuter

21. 21 Imagine That Walls Are Transparent Windows Between The Two New Cal-(IT) 2 Buildings! UC Irvine UC San Diego

22. 22 USGS (OptIPuter partner) ~350,000x350,000 Pixel Images of 350 US Cities ~ 50TB of Data (Brian Davis) We are Creating Active Walls with One Hundred Times the Resolution of this PC Screen

23. 23 Planning for Optically Linking Crisis Management Control Rooms in California California Office of Emergency Services, Sacramento, CA

24. 24 Homeland Security Has Become a Major Focus for Cal-(IT) 2 Source: Jason Leigh, EVL, UIC—Cal-(IT) 2 Partner Augmented Reality SuperHD StreamingVideo 100-MegaPixel Tiled Display Situation Room Envisioned Two Years From Now