1. I. The United States Expands to the Pacific 1. Manifest Destiny (the fever) a. This term first seen in N.Y. newspaper in 1845 b. Manifest “clearly shown” or “plain to see” c. Destiny “fate” d. it was the fate of the United States to expand westward to the Pacific Ocean e. Great Britain and Natives lived there. So what? Fate, after all, was fate

2. I. The U.S. Expands to the Pacific continued… 2. Oregon country a. Pacific Northwest b. Why Oregon? -stories of shimmering mountains, great forests, fertile valleys Got Oregon Fever?

3. 2. Oregon Country continued… a. Great Migration -thousands of men, women, & children journeyed in children journeyed in covered wagons covered wagons b. American Demand for Oregon -Democrats wanted Oregon -Democrats wanted Oregon -used “fever” as a campaign ad - “Fifty-four forty or fight” What do you think that means? c. Treaty of 1846: -U.S. got all of Oregon south of the 49 th parallel, -U.S. got all of Oregon south of the 49 th parallel, -Britain kept the part to the north -Britain kept the part to the north

4. II. First Settlers Move into the Pacific Northwest 1. Oregon Country a. West of the Rockies, from the a. West of the Rockies, from the northern border of California northern border of California to Alaska (54,40) to Alaska (54,40) 2. Who were the first settlers? a. Trappers and traders, mountain men a. Trappers and traders, mountain men b. Great Britain had trading posts there b. Great Britain had trading posts there -in between a rock and a hard place -American missionaries tried to convert Natives to Christianity convert Natives to Christianity -Missionaries sent reports back home…. What do you think they wrote?

5. III. Oregon Trail 1. Towns along the Missouri River were the usual starting points the usual starting points 2. Trip Length- 6 to 8 months 3. Trip Distance- 2,400 miles 4. Careful of bad weather, illness, accidents 5. Did I mention Indian attacks? 6. Between 1840 and 1870 about 250,000 Americans took the journey! took the journey! Directions (page 305) Pick up the Oregon Trail at a town along the Missouri River, follow it along the muddy Platte River across the plains, cutting through the Rockies at the South Pass (along the Snake River). Hoist yourself over the Blue Mountains, then ferry down the Columbia River until you arrive at Willamette Valley…. Pick up the Oregon Trail at a town along the Missouri River, follow it along the muddy Platte River across the plains, cutting through the Rockies at the South Pass (along the Snake River). Hoist yourself over the Blue Mountains, then ferry down the Columbia River until you arrive at Willamette Valley…. Any questions? Any questions? www.oregon.gov/ODOT/CS/SSB/ Oregon_Trail.shtml http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon_Trail

6. IV. Mormons Seek a Homeland 1.Group called the Mormons settled around Great Salt Lake around Great Salt Lake a. Ended years of wandering a. Ended years of wandering b. Opposed by most Americans b. Opposed by most Americans -resented for their beliefs -resented for their beliefs -Polygamy -Polygamy -one man having several wives -one man having several wives 2. Practiced dry farming in salty deserts of Utah a. Elaborate irrigation system a. Elaborate irrigation system b. Mormons flocked here b. Mormons flocked here c. Wanted independence from the U.S. c. Wanted independence from the U.S. d. Freedom from violence d. Freedom from violence

7. The United States Expands to the Pacific Questions to think about 1. How was the Pacific Northwest opened to settlers? 2. When did the United States acquire Oregon? 3. Why did the Mormons settle in Utah?