1. Exam Review Chapters 14, 15, 16 Renaissance, Reformation(s), Sci. Rev., Enlightenment, Maritime Revolution, New Monarchs, Columbian Exchange (12/2012)

2. Question 1 Why was Prince Henry of Portugal known as the “The Navigator”? He devoted his reign to promoting exploration and sailing.

3. Question 2 Forgiveness of past sins – or an INDULGENCE – may have been granted for many reasons. Name ONE way of being granted an indulgence. A monetary donation to the church; an extremely religious act; saying a particular set of prayers

4. Question 3 The Scientific Revolution showed that the workings of the world and universe could be explained by? Observed, identifiable natural causes.

5. Question 4 Using the image below, answer BOTH of the following: 1) What is the theory? 2) Who created it? Heliocentric Theory, Nicholas Copernicus

6. Question 5 Match the Enlightenment thinker to their correct idea/theory. John Locke 1)Social Contract Montesquieu 2)Equal access to education Adam Smith 3)Separation of Powers Thomas Hobbes 4)Protection of Natural Rights Martin Luther 5)Economic freedom & no government intervention Mary Wollstonecraft 6)No longer acknowledged supremacy of Pope John Lock (4); Montesquieu (3); Hobbes (1); Luther (6); Wollstonecraft (2); Smith (5)

7. Question 6 Identify & explain the image below (Define)

8. Question 7 How did the Black Death (plague) lead to significant social and economic changes in Western Europe? End of feudalism & serfdom; rise in middle class; wealthy middle class (Bourgeoisie); middle class become patrons of arts; Renaissance

9. Question 8 Explain the roles of the New Monarchs as leaders AND identify TWO examples. 1) Promoted the STATE/country over their own success; 2) used state money to advance the whole country; 3) Ferdinand/ Isabella of Spain, Prince Henry, ….

10. Question 9 The image below depicts one of two things in Western Europe. Name one of them.

11. Question 10 Name/explain the two major splits in Christianity. 1054 CE ~ Great Western Schism 1517 CE ~ Protestant Reformation

12. Question 11 (Final Exam review) What is the name of the rotational, yearly labor system used in Mesoamerica before the arrival of the Europeans? Mit’a

13. Question 12 (Final Exam review) What is the strongest legacy of the Shang Dynasty of China? Unified writing system – OR – first unified political control of China/First dynasty

14. Question 13 (Final Exam review) How did the Assyrian Empire prevent internal rebellions of conquered peoples? Mass deportation to break up social / cultural connections.

15. Question 14 (Final Exam review) Name the Chinese political system which relied primarily on strict laws and punishments in order to compel the people to behave. LEGALISM

16. Question 15 (Final Exam review) Which of the following developed FIRST? Buddhism Christianity Hinduism Islam Judaism

17. Question 16 (Final Exam review) Which of the following developed first? Mesopotamia Indus River Valley Olmec/Chavin Nile Valley/Early Egypt First unified Egyptian dynasty in 3150 BCE. Second place goes to Mesopotamia in 3100 BCE.

18. Question 17 (Final Exam review) Why is the Abbassid rule of the Islamic world considered a “golden age”? It created a refined, education-focused, cosmopolitan culture in Baghdad.

19. Question 18 Which of the following pairings is accurate for the change in control of I.O.M.S.? 1)Chinese replaced Portuguese control. 2)Portuguese replaced Indian control. 3)Islamic replaced Indian control. 4)Indian replaced Chinese control. 3) Islamic sailors dominated Indian sailors in the earlier growth of I.O.M.S. trade.

20. Question 19 Name at least 3 technologies the Silk Road provided to Western Europe that made the trans-Atlantic exploration possible. Compass, Astrolabe, Sextant, cartography, sail construction, hull construction, deep rudder

21. Question 20 Identify and define the Three G’s of early European overseas exploration. God – Promote, spread religion and education (largely done by the Jesuits) Gold – Financial profits from dominance of trade routes and raw materials in colonies Glory – National pride of accomplishment and advancement of national power