1. 1. Which of the following is NOT a goal of science?
a. to investigate and understand the natural world
b. to explain events in the natural world
c. to use data to support a particular point of view
d. to use derived explanations to make useful predictions
c. to use data to support a particular point of view

2. 2. Information gathered from observing a plant that grows 3 cm over a two-week period results in
a. inferences.
b. variables.
c. hypotheses
d. data.
d. data.

3. 3. Which of the following is NOT a way that scientists generate hypotheses?
a. using informed, creative imagination
b. using logical inference
c. using prior knowledge
d. using a feeling about what should occur
d. using a feeling about what should occur

4. 4. Scientific hypotheses must be proposed in a way that
a. ensures that an experiment will be valid.
b. enables them to be proved valid.
c. enables them to be tested.
d. doesn’t contradict previous hypotheses.
c. enables them to be tested.

5. 5. A controlled experiment allows the scientist to isolate and test
a. a conclusion.
b. a mass of information
c. several variables.
d. a single variable.
d. a single variable.

6. 6. The ability to reproduce results is an important part of any
a. hypothesis.
c. law.
b. theory.
d. experiment.
d. experiment

7. 7. A theory
a. is always true.
b. is the opening statement of an experiment.
c. may be revised or replaced.
d. is a problem to be solved.
c. may be revised or replaced.

8. 9. The amount of light and temperature are examples of
a. factors necessary for life.
b. methods of energy production.
c. factors to which living things respond.
d. factors that affect reproduction.
c. factors to which living things respond.

9. 10.The basic unit of mass in the International System of Units, or SI, is the
a.meter. c.liter.
b.ounce. d.gram
d.gram

10. 11. The space surrounding the nucleus of an atom contains
a.protons. c.neutrons.
b.electrons. d.ions.
b.electrons.

11. What type of electron is available to form bonds?
a.valence c.ionic
b.nucleus d.covalent
a.valence

12. 13. What type of ion forms when an atom loses electrons?
a.neutral c.negative b.positive d.possibly positive or negative
b.positive

13. 14. The most abundant compound in most living things is b.water.
a.carbon dioxide.
c.sodium chloride.
b.water.
d.sugar.
b.water.

14. 15. A monosaccharide is a
a.carbohydrate.
c.nucleic acid.
b.lipid
d.protein.
a.carbohydrate.

15. 16. Which statement is true?
a.Simple sugars are made of polysaccharides
b.Glycerol is made of fatty acids.
c.RNA molecules are made of nucleotides.
d.Amino acids are made of proteins.
c.RNA molecules are made of nucleotides.

16. 17. When hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water, water would be
a.a product.
c.both a product and a reactant.
b.a reactant.
d.neither a product nor a reactant.
a.a product.

17. 18. If a reaction in one direction releases energy, the reaction in the opposite direction
a.also releases energy
.c.destroys energy.
b.absorbs energy.
d.cannot occur.
b.absorbs energy.

18. 19. Enzymes affect the reactions in living cells by changing the
a. products of the reaction.
b. speed of the reaction
c. temperature of the reaction.
d. pH of the reaction.
b. speed of the reaction.

19. The work of scientists begins with
a. testing a hypothesis.
c. creating experiments.
b. careful observations.
d. drawing conclusions.
b. careful observations.

20. 21. Hypotheses may arise from
A. prior knowledge. B. logical inferences.
C. imaginative guesses.
D. all of the above
j. Your mom
D. all of the above

21. 22. A controlled experiment allows the scientist to isolate and test
a. a conclusion.
b. a mass of information.
c. several variables. d. a single variable.
d. a single variable.

22. 23. Scientists publish the details of important experiments so that
a. their work can be repeated.
b. their experimental procedures can be reviewed.
c. others can try to reproduce the results.
d. all of the above
d. all of the above

23. 24. A well-tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations is a (an)
a. hypothesis.
b. theory.
c. inference.
d. controlled experiment.
b. theory.

24. 25. All of the following are characteristics of all living things EXCEPT
a. growth.
b. reproduction.
c. movement.
d. use of energy.
c. movement.

25. 26. The process by which organisms keep their internal conditions fairly constant is called
a. homeostasis.
b. evolution.
c. metabolism.
d. photosynthesis.
a. homeostasis.

26. 27. Which is NOT a unit of measurement in the International System of Units, or SI?
a. meter
b. ounce
c. liter
d. gram
b. ounce

27. 28. The three particles that make up an atom are
a. protons, neutrons, and isotopes.
b. neutrons, isotopes, and electrons.
c. positives, negatives, and electrons.
d. protons, neutrons, and electrons.
d. protons, neutrons, and electrons.

28. 29. The nucleus is made of
a. protons and electrons.
b. electrons and neutrons.
c. protons and neutrons.
d. protons, neutrons, and electrons.
c. protons and neutrons.

29. 30. Which of the following terms describes a substance formed by the combination of two or more elements in definite proportions?
a. compound
b. isotope
c. nucleus
d. enzyme
a. compound

30. 31. A covalent bond is formed as the result of
a. transferring electrons.
b. sharing electrons.
c. transferring protons.
d. sharing protons.
b. sharing electrons.

31. 32. Which of the following organic compounds is the main source of energy for living things?
a. carbohydrates
c. nucleic acids
b. lipids
d. proteins
a. carbohydrates

32. 33. Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?
a. store and transmit heredity
b. help to fight disease
c. control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes
d. used to form bones and muscles
a. store and transmit heredity

33. 34. What is the process that changes one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals?
a. cohesion
b. adhesion
c. chemical reaction
d. dissolving
c. chemical reaction

34. 35. What is the term used to describe the energy needed to get a reaction started?
a. adhesion energy
b. activation energy
c. cohesion energy
d. chemical energy
b. activation energy

35. 36. Chemical reactions that release energy
a. will not occur.
b. will never explode.
c. will always explode.
d. often occur spontaneously.
d. often occur spontaneously.

36. 37. A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction is called a (an)
a. catalyst.
b. lipid.
c. molecule.
d. element.
a. catalyst.

37. 38. The information you gather during an experiment is called your _______________.
38. Data.

38. 39. Based on his ________________, Redi made a prediction that keeping flies away from meat would prevent maggots appearing on the meat.
39. Hypothesis
Reference: p. 9

39. 40. A variable that is deliberately changed in an experiment is the ______________ variable.
40. Manipulated or independent

40. 41. The information gathered from observation is called ______________.
41. Data.

41. 42. The smallest units that are considered to be alive are called _______________.
42. Cells.