1. Ecosystem: Stability and Change

2. Stability Is the ability to withstand or recover from externally imposed changes or stress resistance, persistence, or inertia Resilience Constancy-maintain certain size – Applies to organisms, populations, communities ecosystems, and the ecosphere – Provided that these external stresses are not too severe

3. Factors Contributing to Ecosystem Stability Food Web Complexity Homeostatis- internal systems counteracting external stress. Continuous Dynamic Change Movement of Matter and Energy Replacement of Organisms Ecological Succession- the natural replacement of one community in particular area with a different, and usually more complex community, over a period of time

4. Primary Succession

5. Secondary Succession

9. Tolerance Range/Limits Minimum and maximum limits for physical conditions (such as temperature) and concentration of chemical substances beyond which no members of a particular species can survive.

11. Limiting Factor Principles Too much or too little and any abiotic factor can limit or prevent growth of a population of a species in an ecosystem, even if all the other factors are at or near the optimal range of tolerance for the species

12. Law of Tolerance The existence, abundance, and distribution of a species in an ecosystem are determined by whether the levels of one or more physical and chemical factors fall with the range tolerate by the species.