1. Martin Luther King, Jr. Frederick Douglass Nelson Mandela MalcoLm X Stokely Carmichael Oliver Tambo

3. Martin Luther King, Jr.  He was born in Atlanta, Georgia on January 15, 1929 to Alberta Williams King and Rev. Martin Luther King, Sr.  Dr. King graduated from Crozer Theological Seminary with his B.A. at age 22 in June, 1951.  Dr. King was arrested for breaking the state of Georgia's trespassing law while picketing. He was transferred to Reidsville State Prison but was released on $2000 bond on October 19, 1960.

4. Martin Luther King Jr. Cont.  Time Magazine honored Dr. King as "Man of the Year" with a feature story and cover photo on January 3, 1964.  On December 10, 1964, Dr. King received the Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo, Norway. On April 4, 1968, Dr. King was assassinated.

5. Born: May 19,1925 Died: February 25, 1965 He said, “Violence is needed for a real revolution.” is needed for a real revolution.” In 1945, he was sentenced to 8 years in prison. While there, he became a member of the Nation of Islam.

6. Malcolm X cont. Malcolm founded the Black Nationalist Organization of Afro-American Unity. He also founded the Muslim Mosque, Inc. Afro-American Unity. He also founded the Muslim Mosque, Inc. One year after he joined the Nation of Islam, he left to go to the Muslim Mosque and was assassinated. to go to the Muslim Mosque and was assassinated.

7. Frederick Douglass was born in a slave cabin, in February, 1818, near the town of Easton, on the eastern shore of Maryland. When he was eight he was sent to Baltimore to live with a ship carpenter named Hugh Auld. There he learned to read and first heard the words “abolition” and “abolitionists.”

8. Fredrick Douglas Douglass spent seven years in Baltimore before being sent back to the country, where he was hired out to a farm run by a notoriously brutal "slavebreaker" named Edward Covey. He conferred with Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War and recruited northern blacks for the Union Army.

9. He was born on June 29, 1941, in Port of Spain, Trinidad. He died on November 15, 1998, in Conakry, Guinea. He was the leader of black nationalism in the United States in the 1960s. He originated its rallying slogan, “black power,” which meant self- defense tactics, self-determination, political and economic power, and racial pride.

10. Stokely Carmichael During this period Carmichael and others associated with SNCC supported the nonviolence approach to desegregation begun by Martin Luther King, Jr. He left the United States in 1969 and moved with his first wife, South African singer Miriam Makeba, to Guinea, West Africa. Carmichael helped to establish the All-African People's Revolutionary Party, an international political party dedicated to Pan-Africanism.

12. He was born on October 27, 1917 in a rural town, Mbizana. His parents had converted to Christianity shortly before he was born. Assisted by African government, Tambo was able to establish the African National Congress mission in Egypt, Ghana, Morocco, and London. The suppression of the 1961 stay-at-home strike led to the ANC adopting the armed struggle as part of its strategy. In 1967, after the death of ANC President General Chief Albert J. Luthuli, Tambo became acting president until his appointment to the Presidency was approved by the Morogoro Conference in 1969. Among black South African leaders, Oliver Tambo was probably the most highly respected on the African continent, in Europe, Asia, and the Americas. Oliver Tambo died from a stroke on April 24, 1993.

13. Oliver Tambo Cont. In 1967, after the death of ANC President General Chief Albert J. Luthuli, Tambo became acting president until his appointment to the Presidency was approved by the Morogoro Conference in 1969. Among black South African leaders, Oliver Tambo was probably the most highly respected on the African continent, in Europe, Asia, and the Americas. Oliver Tambo died from a stroke on April 24, 1993.

14. He was the president of the African National Congress (ANC) in 1944 After the banning of the ANC in 1960, Nelson Mandela argued for the setting up of a military wing within the ANC. Mandela was arrested in 1962 and sentenced to five years imprisonment with hard labor. In 1964 he and eight others had been sent to prison for trying to overthrow the government by violence.

15. Nelson Mandela cont. During his years in prison, Nelson Mandela's reputation grew steadily and he became a potent symbol of resistance as the anti-apartheid movement gathered strength. Nelson Mandela was released on February 11, 1990 He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993

16. Astros, Douglas. Fredrick Douglas Athletics. No date. Online image. http://www.eteamz.com/douglassastros/images/frederick_douglass.jpg "At a Speech." No date. Online image. Carmilla Online.5 Feb. 2009. "At a Speech." No date. Online image. Carmilla Online.5 Feb. 2009. http://www.carmillaonline.com/archives/2007/09/002360.html "At a Speech." No date. Online image. Marxist Internet Archive. 5 Feb. 2009. "At a Speech." No date. Online image. Marxist Internet Archive. 5 Feb. 2009. http://www.marxists.org/history/usa/workers/black-panthers/ Barry, Derek. Malcolm Exemplar. March 11, 2007. Online Image. http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/jwb/Collab/CivRtsWeb/Image s/malcolmx.jpg&imgrefurl=http://nebuchadnezzarwoollyd.blogspot.com/2007/03/malcolm- exemplar.html Brooks, Amanda. "The Ideas of Black Civil Rights Leaders". Gene Brooks. 3 Feb. 2009. Horton, ScottFredrick Douglas Free The People. Online Image. http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.harpers.org/media/image/blogs/misc/frederic k_douglass2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.harpers.org/archive/2008/03/hbc- 90002480&usg=__ryiftxIex6T5sYOyxNWMVpqAu5I=&h=461&w Malcolm X at Queens Court. 1964. Online image. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Malcolm_X_NYWTS_4.jpg "Nelson Mandela's Birthday." 18 July 2008. Online image. Global Ageing Network Blog. 5 Feb. 2009.http://iahsa.wordpress.com/2008/07/18/happy-birthday-nelson- mandela/ http://iahsa.wordpress.com/2008/07/18/happy-birthday-nelson- mandela/http://iahsa.wordpress.com/2008/07/18/happy-birthday-nelson- mandela/ "Nelson Mandela's Portrait." No date. Online image. South Africa Tours and Travel. 5 Feb. 2009. "Nelson Mandela's Portrait." No date. Online image. South Africa Tours and Travel. 5 Feb. 2009. http://www.south-africa-tours-and-travel.com/apartheid.html

17. Sylvester, Melvin. "A Tribute to Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.". LIU. 3 Feb. 2009. "People & Events Fredrick Douglas". PBS. 3 Feb. 2009. Thomas, Sandra. "Frederick Douglass". Rochester History. 3 Feb. 2009. "Stokely Carmichael Biography ". Biography. 3 Feb. 2009. "Nelson Mandela's Birthday." 18 July 2008. Online image. Global Ageing Network Blog. 5 Feb. 2009.http://iahsa.wordpress.com/2008/07/18/happy-birthday-nelson- mandela/http://iahsa.wordpress.com/2008/07/18/happy-birthday-nelson- mandela/ "Nelson Mandela's Portrait." No date. Online image. South Africa Tours and Travel. 5 Feb. 2009. http://www.south-africa-tours-and-travel.com/apartheid.html "Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela". African National Congress. 3 Feb. 2009. "Oliver Reginald Tambo". African National Congress. 3 Feb. 2009. "People & Events Fredrick Douglas". PBS. 3 Feb. 2009.