1. M603 Review

2. 1. What uses liquids to provide mechanical power?

3. Hydraulics.

4. 2. What deals with the use of gases for mechanical power?

5. Pneumatics.

6. 3. What uses both liquids and gases for power?

7. Pneudraulics.

8. 4. What can both liquids and gases be classified as in pneudraulic systems?

9. Fluids.

10. 5. What states that external force applied to an enclosed liquid will be transmitted throughout the liquid?

11. Pascal’s Law.

12. 6. What states that the volume of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure if its temperature remains the same?

13. Boyle’s Law.

14. 7. What states that gases expand or contract in direct proportion to changes in temperature if their pressure remains constant?

15. Charles’ Law.

16. 8. What is based on the fact that liquid displaced in one area must be relocated to another area allowing a small input effort to be multiplied and applied to an output mechanism in pneudraulic systems?

17. Mechanical Advantage.

18. 9. What causes turbulence to increase and creates loss of energy?

19. A venturi.

20. 10. What stores hydraulic fluid in a pneudraulic system?

21. The reservoir.

22. 11. What pneumatic component permits fluid flow in only one direction?

23. A check valve.

24. 12. What component stores fluid under pressure to dampen power surges and provides emergency power in the event of pump failure?

25. The accumulator.

26. 13. What is the direction of hydraulic fluid in a pneudraulic system controlled by?

27. The selector valve.

28. 14. What pneudraulic component transforms fluid pressure into mechanical movement?

29. An actuating cylinder.

30. 15. In which check valve does fluid enter an inlet port, overcome spring tension, and force a cylinder off its’ seat allowing fluid to pass?

31. A cone check valve.

32. 16. Which check valve uses a follower to push a ball against a seat?

33. A ball check valve.

34. 17. In which actuator does fluid enter and activate a piston and compress a spring that later returns the piston to its’ original position?

35. A single-acting actuator.

36. 18. In which actuator does fluid enter one port and push the piston to the other end of the cylinder activating the mechanism attached to the piston rod?

37. A double-acting actuator.

38. 19. What type of force is a turning force that tends to produce rotation?

39. Torque.

40. 20. What describes a measure of the tendency to produce rotation?

41. Applied torque.

42. 21. What describes the tendency to resist rotation?

43. Resisting torque.

44. 22. What states that two equal forces acting on an object on the same line of action in opposite directions will cause it to remain at rest?

45. Condition of Equilibrium.

46. 23. What do we call a straight line from the axis of rotation to the point where the force causing rotation is located?

47. The moment arm.

48. 24. What do we call a toothed wheel used to transmit torque by use of interlocking teeth?

49. A gear.

50. 25. What gear is used to transmit power to another gear?

51. A drive gear.

52. 26. What gear receives its power from another gear?

53. A driven gear.

54. 27. When two gears are meshed together, what is the smaller gear referred to as?

55. A pinion gear.

56. 28. When heavy gears are used, what is the larger gear referred to as?

57. A bullgear.

58. 29. What do we call a gear with teeth on the inside of the gear pointing toward the shaft or axis or rotation?

59. An internal gear.

60. 30. What do we call gear teeth that are cut parallel to or in the same line as the axis of rotation?

61. Straight gear teeth.

62. 31. What do we call gear teeth that are cut slantwise giving each tooth a leading and trailing edge causing less slippage and making for quieter operation?

63. Helical gear teeth.

64. 32. Which gears have teeth on each half of the gear cut in opposite directions which offset and cancel out the axial thrust created by each gear half?

65. Herringbone gears.

66. 33. Which most commonly used gears transmit torque between two parallel shafts that are not in a straight line?

67. Straight spur gears.

68. 32. Which gear teeth are cut slantwise across the face of the gear resulting in smoother, quieter operation and less lost motion?

69. Helical spur gear teeth.

70. 33. Which gear can save space by putting two or more gears in a smaller area?

71. An internal gear.

72. 34. What is used when pinion gear rotation is limited and only a portion of a larger gear is needed?

73. A sector gear and pinion.

74. 35. What is used when it is necessary to change rotary motion to linear motion?

75. A rack and pinion gear.

76. 36. What is a combination of a screw and spur gear that is often used for lifting?

77. A worm and worm wheel.

78. 37. What gears are used to transmit power between shafts that meet at an angle?

79. Bevel gears.

80. 38. What type of bevel gears connect 90 degree angle shafts?

81. Miter gears.

82. 39. What do we call an enclosed unit with a series of gears that transmits and converts the speed and torque of a power source to that needed for a piece of equipment?

83. A gear train.

84. 40. What do we call a mechanical link between an aircraft engine and its accessories?

85. An accessory drive gear box.

86. 41. What do we call the opposition to movement of one surface when moving in contact with another?

87. Friction.

88. 42. What type of friction occurs when two surfaces rub together?

89. Sliding friction.

90. 43. What type of friction occurs in ball bearings?

91. Rolling friction.

92. 44. What kind of friction occurs when gear teeth mesh?

93. Wiping friction.

94. 45. What are smooth contact surfaces, bearings, and lubricants used for?

95. Friction reduction.

96. 46. What do we call a part in which a journal, pivot, pin, or shaft turns or revolves?

97. A bearing.

98. 47. What can we call sliding bearings that support reciprocal motion shafts?

99. Frictional bearings.

100. 48. What can we call roller or ball bearings?

101. Antifrictional bearings.

102. 49. What do we call frictional bearings that are coated with a film of lubricants to separate moving machine parts from stationary ones?

103. Sliding bearings.

104. 50. What are the three most commonly used frictional bearings?

105. Reciprocal motion bearings, journal bearings, and thrust bearings.

106. 51. What type of bearing is made of a soft antifrictional metal to reduce friction?

107. A babbit-lined bearing.

108. 52. What types of bearings require smaller housings than other bearings with the same load capacity and can operate at higher speeds?

109. Ball and roller bearings.

110. 53. What type of bearing has less friction than any other type of bearing?

111. Ball bearings.

112. 54. What type of bearing would be found in generators, magnetos, starters, and other aircraft engine accessories?

113. A needle roller bearing.

114. 55. What type of bearing has a load pressure exerted outwardly along the radius of the shaft?

115. A radial bearing.

116. 56. Which bearing has load pressure exerted along the shaft at a right angle to the bearing?

117. A thrust bearing.

118. 57. What is caused by striking or colliding with an object?

119. Shock.

120. 58. What states that substantial force is required to either start or stop motion?

121. Newton’s First Law.

122. 59. What states that for every action there is an opposite but equal reaction?

123. Newton’s Third Law.

124. 60. What states that a force acting on a body will stretch it in proportion to the amount of force applied?

125. Hooke’s Law.

126. 61. What do we call the amount of force applied to an object measured in pounds per square foot?

127. Stress.

128. 62. What do we call a deformation caused by applied stress?

129. Strain.

130. 63. Which kind of stress causes a material to lengthen and tear apart?

131. Tensile stress.

132. 64. Which kind of stress causes one part of a material to move in the opposite direction from the other?

133. Shear stress.

134. 65. What do we call a metal component that can be stretched, compressed, or twisted and return to its original shape?

135. A spring.

136. 66. What do we call a component that is made of flat or slightly curved bars, plates, or leaves of metal bound together as a single unit?

137. A leaf spring.

138. 67. What do we call a component that is composed of two bundles of curved metal leaves connected together at the ends?

139. A full elliptic leaf spring.

140. 68. What do we call a component that is composed of a single bundle of curved metal leaves connected together?

141. A half-elliptic leaf spring.

142. 69. What do we call a component that is a flat spring that may be used in place of half-elliptic leaf springs on light vehicles?

143. A torsion bar.

144. 70. What type of component is used where a small compact spring is needed to maintain spacing between components?

145. A flat spring.

146. 71. What type of spring is designed to be tightened or wound and release power as they unwind?

147. A spiral spring.

148. 72. Which type of spring is the most common and may be used in compression, extension or tension, or torsion applications?

149. A helical spring.

150. 73. What type of spring operates by coiling and uncoiling and opposes being turned tighter?

151. A helical torsion spring.

152. 74. What type of spring operates by holding pieces apart and resists forces which would shorten its length?

153. A compression spring.

154. 75. Which springs are often used in valve arrangements?

155. Cone springs.

156. 76. What do we call a helical cone spring made from a flat bar wound so that it requires little space and resists buckling or slipping sideways?

157. A volute spring.

158. 77. What type of spring resists extension and is used to hold pieces together?

159. A helical tension spring.

160. 78. What do we call a self contained hydraulic unit designed to support an aircraft on the ground and absorbs the shock of landing?

161. A shock strut.

162. 79. What do we call a component that maintains constant cable tension in spite of temperature variations, cable stretch, and other mechanical variations?

163. A cable tension regulator.