1. Chapter 1

2. Applied Learning Outcomes
Directional terms describe:
the relative location of different body features
the ways the body can be viewed along imaginary lines
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

3. Human Body Orientation
Directional orientation
explains a particular view of a person
Directional planes
views of imaginary lines sliced through a person
Directional orientation explains a particular view of a person.
Medial refers to the middle of the body.
Lateral refers to the sides of the body.
Superior, or cephalic, refers to a location near the head.
Inferior, or caudal, refers to a location near the feet.
Anterior, or ventral, refers to the front of the human body.
Posterior, or dorsal, refers to the back of the human body.
Directional planes are views of imaginary lines sliced through a person.
A sagittal section slices the body vertically into left and right sections.
A midsagittal section slices the body into equal left and right halves.
A frontal, or coronal, section slices the body vertically into anterior and posterior sections.
A transverse section slices the body horizontally into inferior and superior sections. 
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

4. DIRECTIONAL ORIENTATION
Directional orientation explains a particular view of a person.
Medial refers to the middle of the body.
Lateral refers to the sides of the body.
Superior, or cephalic, refers to a location near the head.
Fine anatomy focuses on small components of the body, such as tissues and cells. Gross anatomy looks at the larger anatomical structures, such as body systems and organs.
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

5. DIRECTIONAL ORIENTATION
Inferior, or caudal, refers to a location near the feet.
Anterior, or ventral, refers to the front of the human body.
Posterior, or dorsal, refers to the back of the human body.
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

6. Directional orientation explains a particular view of a person.
Medial refers to the middle of the body.
Lateral refers to the sides of the body.
Superior, or cephalic, refers to a location near the head.
Inferior, or caudal, refers to a location near the feet.
Anterior, or ventral, refers to the front of the human body.
Posterior, or dorsal, refers to the back of the human body.
Directional planes are views of imaginary lines sliced through a person.
A sagittal section slices the body vertically into left and right sections.
A midsagittal section slices the body into equal left and right halves.
A frontal, or coronal, section slices the body vertically into anterior and posterior sections.
A transverse section slices the body horizontally into inferior and superior sections. 

7. Directional planes
Directional planes are views of imaginary lines sliced through a person.
A sagittal section slices the body vertically into left and right sections.
A midsagittal section slices the body into equal left and right halves.
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

8. Directional planes
A frontal, or coronal, section slices the body vertically into anterior and posterior sections.
A transverse section slices the body horizontally into inferior and superior sections. 
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

9. Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

10. Human Body Orientation
Flexion: to bend a joint
Extension: to straighten a joint
Flexion: to bend a joint
Extension: to straighten a joint
Abduction: movement of the arm or leg away from the midline of the body
Adduction: movement of the arm or leg toward the midline of the body
Eversion: movement of the hand or foot so that the thumb or great toe moves away from the midline of the body
Inversion: movement of the hand or foot so that the thumb or great toe moves toward the midline of the body
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

11. Human Body Orientation
Abduction: movement of the arm or leg away from the midline of the body
Adduction: movement of the arm or leg toward the midline of the body
Flexion: to bend a joint
Extension: to straighten a joint
Abduction: movement of the arm or leg away from the midline of the body
Adduction: movement of the arm or leg toward the midline of the body
Eversion: movement of the hand or foot so that the thumb or great toe moves away from the midline of the body
Inversion: movement of the hand or foot so that the thumb or great toe moves toward the midline of the body
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

12. Human Body Orientation
Eversion: movement of the hand or foot so that the thumb or great toe moves away from the midline of the body
Inversion: movement of the hand or foot so that the thumb or great toe moves toward the midline of the body
Flexion: to bend a joint
Extension: to straighten a joint
Abduction: movement of the arm or leg away from the midline of the body
Adduction: movement of the arm or leg toward the midline of the body
Eversion: movement of the hand or foot so that the thumb or great toe moves away from the midline of the body
Inversion: movement of the hand or foot so that the thumb or great toe moves toward the midline of the body
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

13. Human Body Orientation
Antagonistic: Opposing movements
Flexion   Extension
Abduction   Adduction
Inversion   Eversion
Flexion: to bend a joint
Extension: to straighten a joint
Abduction: movement of the arm or leg away from the midline of the body
Adduction: movement of the arm or leg toward the midline of the body
Eversion: movement of the hand or foot so that the thumb or great toe moves away from the midline of the body
Inversion: movement of the hand or foot so that the thumb or great toe moves toward the midline of the body
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

14. Body Regions and Cavities
Body regions are divided into general locations, abdominopelvic regions, and quadrants
Body regions are divided into general locations, abdominopelvic regions, and quadrants.
Abdominopelvic regions include nine sections that divide up the abdominal and pelvic portions of the body.
Quadrants section the abdominal region into four portions.
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

15. Body Regions and Cavities
Abdominopelvic regions include nine sections that divide up the abdominal and pelvic portions of the body.
Body regions are divided into general locations, abdominopelvic regions, and quadrants.
Abdominopelvic regions include nine sections that divide up the abdominal and pelvic portions of the body.
Quadrants section the abdominal region into four portions.
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

16. Body Regions and Cavities
Quadrants section the abdominal region into four portions.
Body regions are divided into general locations, abdominopelvic regions, and quadrants.
Abdominopelvic regions include nine sections that divide up the abdominal and pelvic portions of the body.
Quadrants section the abdominal region into four portions.

17. Body Regions and Cavities
The human body is naturally divided into internal cavities
The body cavities contain specific body structures. (You will receive a list of these structures later)
The human body is naturally divided into internal cavities.
The body cavities contain specific body structures.
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body

18. Summary Directional terms describe
the relative location of different body features
the ways the body can be viewed along imaginary lines
Position terms explain
how a patient should be positioned for a procedure
Movement terms explain
a person’s ability to move a body structure in a particular direction in relation to the center of the body
Body region terms
create a map of the body locations
describe the location of pain or injury
Body cavity terms
create a map of the body structures
help healthcare workers communicate accurately and effectively
Chapter 1 – Overview of the Body