1. Men in childcare – revolution or ripples in a female world London 20. September 2005 Peter Møller Pedersen

2. Presentation Men in childcare – historical overview Men in childcare today – positions and strategies Men in childcare - Some numbers… Initiatives to recruit more men Why the silence? The future….

5. 1900193019501970198019902000 Male applicants to the training programme

6. What happened in the 70’s Women in the labour marked The welfare state is building up Formal training programme ”The optimistic period” Revolution? – The traditional social structure under pressure.

7. Today… STEN, 22, lives alone, high school degree, conscientious objector, worked in a out-of-school institution. He stresses the theoretical aspects of the training programme…. Music, music, music… OLE, 33, live with his brother, divorced, 2 children, worked in a slaughterhouse for 7 years. Member of a biking group. Break – assistant child care worker. He stresses that men in childcare is necessary and useful for society. IVER, 24, live with his girlfriend, purposeful, decided in the age of 17 to become childcare worker. Identify with the profession. Don’t use gender as an explanation. Arranged OL-games under practice.

8. Male positions in a female world

9. Sports Playroom Kitchen Animals WorkshopManagers office Male positions in a female world

10. Male staff in different kinds of day care institutions for children. Percent. Type of institution199219952000/ 03 Day nusery (0-3) Skilled staff Unskilled staff Total 2% 7% 4% 2% 8% 5% 1% 5% 3% Kindergarten (3-6) Skilled staff Unskilled staff Total 7% 12% 10% 5% 14% 9% 6% 10% 7% Integrated institutions (0-6) Skilled staff Unskilled staff Total - 8% - 9% 11% 10% Out-of-school (6-10) Skilled staff Unskilled staff Total 27% 21% 25% 24% 22% 23% Youth institution (13-18) Skilled staff 49%-42%

11. Initiatives in Denmark Phase 1: 1992 – 1999 Attention to problems with the boys in schools and institutions. One suggested solution: more men in childcare. Campaigns to recruit more men Public debate Governmental goals (no numbers mentioned) Report from the government about the problem 1998 A few or none research projects.

12. Initiatives in Denmark Phase 2: 2000 – today No public debate or campaigns. Attention to problems for boys and girls. A few research projects. New specializations and options in the training programme: sports, out door life. A few institutions divide boys and girls.

13. Why the silence? Another focus: Social mobility – equal opportunities Inclusive education National curriculum's Individualisation – self-identity Bad news about male childcare workers – they don’t do the job

14. What now? Male childcare workers is not the goal alone Inclusive labour marked – men want childcare. Inclusive training programmes – space for male and female positions. National programmes needed. Clue: listen to men in childcare…

15. Male strategies in female settings Identification with the profession An implicit alliance between profession and gender. Extension of the profession Gender gives the opportunity to develop new solutions. Criticism of profession Gender as reason for critique Segregation of profession Masculine identity outside the training programme. High identifica- tion with the profession Segregation: Profession /gender Low identifica- tion with the profession Integration: Profession /gender

16. DenmarkViborg- Seminariet 199115,6 199216,3 199318,013,5 199420,517,4 199521,823,8 199621,320,1 199720,619,1 199819,616,7 199918,712,2 200018,214,7 200118,016,9 (13,3) 200221,023,5 (20,5) 200322,017,7 (15,9) Kilde: Den koordinerede tilmelding og Viborg-Seminariets optagelsesudvalg. I 2001 etablerede Viborg-Seminariet en idrætslinje. Tallene i parentes angiver andelen af mandlige ansøgere eksklusiv idrætslinjen. Male applicants For the Training- programme

17. Revolution or rippling? The social order is challenged Male childcare workers do a difference – but at the same time the reproduce the social order Still great barriers for men in childcare