2. The World As We See It: Maps and How We Use Them

3. Historical Maps 220 B.C.E. - Present

4. Eratosthenes’ Map (220 B.C.E.)

5. Ptolemy’s Map (87 -150 CE)

6. Medieval Maps

7. al-Idrisi’s World Map (804 - 1456 C.E.) South oriented at top

8. Anglo-Saxon (Cottonian) 900 C.E. East Oriented at Top

9. Francesco Rosselli’s Map 1508

10. Leonardo da Vinci 1514

11. 1900

12. World Political Map: April 2001

13. Types of Maps: Comparing Projections

14. Mercator Map

15. Mercator: Good for: Navigation, shapes correct for small areas Bad for: cannot represent poles; sizes are exaggerated the closer you get to poles Looks like: rectangle Purpose and Date: 1569; made to help sailors navigate Significance: NEVER meant to be used as “THE” world map -- but it is!

16. Mollweide Map

17. Mollweide: Good for: pleasing appearance; sizes and shapes in middle ok Bad for: polar regions compressed Looks like: ellipse Date: Presented by Carl B. Mollweide (1774-1825) of Germany in 1805. Significance:used to make homosoline and other maps

18. Buckminster Fuller's Dymaxion World Map

19. Fuller's Dymaxion World Map Good for: minimizes distortion of size and shape Bad for: directions and spatial relationships odd and obscure Looks like: ?? Purpose and Date: 1980+, to represent shapes accurately Significance: made to help us recognize “we’re all astronauts aboard a little spaceship called earth”

20. Goode’s Homolosine Map

21. Goode’s Homosoline Good for: shapes (except Asia) are well represented Bad for: map & oceans are interrupted Looks like: ?? Purpose and Date: 1923; to represent shapes correctly Significance:easy to reposition and re- center

22. Peter’s Map

23. Good for: relative sizes of land accurate Bad for: water sizes not accurate; shapes are distorted; no poles Looks like: rectangle Purpose and Date:1974; to correct previous apparent sizes of land masses Significance: shows continents to true sizes -- Africa MUCH larger than Europe!

24. Robinson’s Map

25. Robinson Good for: shapes fairly well done Bad for: areas away from equator exaggerated; poles are lines Looks like: oval, except poles are lines Purpose and Date: 1963; Canada and USSR much more correct than previous maps Significance: used as National Geographic map for decades

26. Azimuthal Equidistant

27. Good for: to know distances from center of map; shapes in center well-represented Bad for: farther from the center, shapes very distorted; can be hard to orient Looks like: circle Purpose and Date: 1426? Earlier? To display true scale and direction through center Significance: can be recentered for anywhere on earth

28. Equidistant Conic

29. Werner: Heart Shaped

30. Sinusoidal

31. Van der Grinten I

32. Cassini

33. MacArthur’s Corrective

34. McArthur's Universal Corrective Map of the World At last, the first move has been made - the first step in the long overdue crusade to elevate our glorious but neglected nation from the gloomy depths of anonymity in the world power struggle to its rightful position -- towering over its northern neighbours, reigning splendidly at the helm of the universe. Never again to suffer the perpetual onslaught of "downunder" jokes -- implications from Northern nations that the height of a country's prestige is determined by its equivalent spatial location on a conventional map of the world. This map, a subtle but definite first step, corrects the situation. No longer will the South wallow in a pit of insignificance, carrying the North on its shoulders for little or no recognition of her efforts. Finally, South emerges on top. Spread the word. Spread the map! South is superior. South dominates! Long live AUSTRALIA -- RULER OF THE UNIVERSE!! © 1979. Rex Publications. All rights reserved.