1. Sun Fire™ E25K Server Keith Schoby Midwestern State University June 13, 2005

2. Agenda  Overview  Processors & Interconnection Network  Memory  OS / Software  Performance  Availability / Industries / Applications  Maverick

3. Overview  Manufacturer: Sun Microsystems  Model: Fire E25K Server Introduced in 2004 RISC-based shared-memory multi-processor machine “Massively scalable, highly available data center server”

4. Processors  Number and scalability Up to 72 processors  4 per Uniboard, 18 Uniboards max Up to 144 threads  Model: UltraSPARC IV (dual-core) 64 KB instruction and 128 KB data Level 1 cache 16 MB of Level 2 cache Mix and match with UltraSPARC III

5. UltraSPARC IV  Two CPU cores per chip  Each core is slightly modified UltraSPARC III processor  Large caches of various types L1 – 64 KB instruction and 128 KB data on chip L2 – 16 MB external cache

6. UltraSPARC IV Chip layout of the UltraSPARC IV processor.

7. UltraSPARC IV Block diagram of the UltraSPARC IV processor core.

8. Interconnection Network  Sun Fireplane 150 MHz Redundant 18×18 data, address and response flat crossbar interconnect Flat crossbar provides uniform memory access with an aggregate bandwidth of 172.8 GB / s

9. Crossbar Interconnect  A network in which all input ports are directly connected to all output ports without interference from messages from other ports. In a one-stage crossbar this has the effect that for instance all memory modules in a computer system are directly coupled to all CPUs. This is often the case in multi- CPU vector systems.  In multistage crossbar networks the output ports of one crossbar module are coupled with the input ports of other crossbar modules. In this way one is able to build networks that grow with logarithmic complexity, thus reducing the cost of a large network.

10. Fireplane Interconnect

11. Memory  Shared memory model  Up to 32 GB per Uniboard System maximum of 576 GB  250+ TB direct connect storage Disk arrays

12. Other Configuration Details  Hot-swappable Uniboard processor/memory boards Each board contains four processors and up to 32 GB of RAM Up to 18 boards connect to the Fireplane interconnect

13. Operating System and Software  Operating System Solaris (Sun’s version of Unix) 8, 9, or 10  Included Compilers Fortran 77 Fortran 90 C C++

14. System Parameters  Clock cycleup to 1.35 GHz  Theoretical peak performance Per processor4.8 Gflop / s Maximal345.6 Gflop / s  Main memory≤ 576 GB  Number of processors≤ 72  Communication bandwith Aggregate ≤ 172.8 GB / s

15. Current Availability SmallMediumLarge Processor/Memory Uniboards 4918 UltraSPARC IV Processors 16 @ 1.05 GHz36 @ 1.2 GHz72 @ 1.35 GHz L2 Cache Per Processor 16 MB Memory 64 GB144 GB288 GB Power Supplies 6 Fan Trays 8 Ships Within 13 Business Days List Price $752,085.00$1,721,085.00$3,524,085.00

16. Key Industries  Electronics / Electric  Education  Energy  Financial Services  Government  Healthcare  Manufacturing  Media / Entertainment / Publishing  Retail trade  Telecommunications

17. Applications  Mainframe migration  High-performance Technical Computing (HPTC)  High-volume databases  Customer management applications  Decision support applications  Other mission-critical applications

18. Maverick  Supercomputer installed at UT’s Texas Advanced Computing Center  Dedicated on October 1, 2004  Based on Sun Fire E25K 64 UltraSPARK IV processors (128 cores) 275 gigaflops (peak) 512 GB shared memory 16 dual-video-out commodity graphics cards

19. Maverick’s Tasks  Visualization and time-critical problems Emergency management Flood hazard forecasting Hazardous weather  TerraGrid

20. Resources  www.sun.com/servers/highend www.sun.com/servers/highend  www.sun.com/processors www.sun.com/processors  www.top500.org/ORSC/2004/sun.html www.top500.org/ORSC/2004/sun.html  www.top500.org/ORSC/2004/sparcIV.html www.top500.org/ORSC/2004/sparcIV.html  www.tacc.utexas.edu/general/news/features/maverick.php www.tacc.utexas.edu/general/news/features/maverick.php