1. C LEAR J OHN L ANGAN © 2010 Townsend Press T HINKING AND W RITING

2. Chapter Three: Point and Support Outlines A paragraph is a series of sentences that support a point.

3. The rest of the paragraph provides specific details to support and develop the point. POINT AND SUPPORT OUTLINES A paragraph typically starts with a point (also called the topic sentence).

4. POINT AND SUPPORT OUTLINES This picture illustrates the relationship between point and support.

5. POINT AND SUPPORT OUTLINES An outline shows at a glance the point of a paper and a numbered list of the items that support the point.

6. POINT AND SUPPORT OUTLINES People in my family love our dog Punch. However, I have several reasons for wanting to get rid of Punch. First of all, he knows I don’t like him. Sometimes he gives me an evil look and curls his top lip back to show me his teeth. The message is clearly, “Someday I’m going to bite you.” Another reason to get rid of Punch is he sheds everywhere. Every surface in our house is covered with Punch hair. I spend more time brushing it off my clothes than I do mowing the lawn. Last of all, Punch is an early riser, while (on weekends) I am not. He will start barking and whining to go outside at 7 a.m., and it’s my job to take care of him. When I told my family that I had a list of good reasons for getting rid of Punch, they said they would make up a list of reasons to get rid of me. Point: I have several reasons for wanting to get rid of Punch. Supporting detail: 1. He knows I don’t like him. Supporting detail: 2. Punch sheds everywhere. Supporting detail: 3. Punch is an early riser. Here is an example of a paragraph and an outline of the paragraph.

7. POINT AND SUPPORT OUTLINES People lie for different reasons. One common reason is to avoid hurting someone’s feelings. For example, a friend might ask, “Do you like my new haircut?” If you think it’s ugly, you might still answer, “Yes.” Another common reason for lying is to avoid a fight. Say a friend angers you and then asks, “Are you upset with me?” You might answer, “No,” to avoid an argument. People also lie so that they’ll fit in, as when you listen to a boring person and politely say, “That’s interesting.” In addition, people lie to avoid spending more time with someone. For instance, you might lie, “I have to go now.” Point: Supporting detail: 1. Supporting detail: 2. Supporting detail: 3. Supporting detail: 4. Complete the outline for this paragraph.

8. POINT AND SUPPORT OUTLINES People lie for different reasons. One common reason is to avoid hurting someone’s feelings. For example, a friend might ask, “Do you like my new haircut?” If you think it’s ugly, you might still answer, “Yes.” Another common reason for lying is to avoid a fight. Say a friend angers you and then asks, “Are you upset with me?” You might answer, “No,” to avoid an argument. People also lie so that they’ll fit in, as when you listen to a boring person and politely say, “That’s interesting.” In addition, people lie to avoid spending more time with someone. For instance, you might lie, “I have to go now.” Point: People lie for different reasons. Supporting detail: 1. To avoid hurting someone’s feelings Supporting detail: 2. To avoid a fight Supporting detail: 3. To fit in Supporting detail: 4. To avoid spending more time with someone

9. POINT AND SUPPORT OUTLINES People lie for different reasons. One common reason is to avoid hurting someone’s feelings. For example, a friend might ask, “Do you like my new haircut?” If you think it’s ugly, you might still answer, “Yes.” Another common reason for lying is to avoid a fight. Say a friend angers you and then asks, “Are you upset with me?” You might answer, “No,” to avoid an argument. People also lie so that they’ll fit in, as when you listen to a boring person and politely say, “That’s interesting.” In addition, people lie to avoid spending more time with someone. For instance, you might lie, “I have to go now.” Notice that words such as first, also, another, and finally often signal each new item of support.

10. POINT AND SUPPORT OUTLINES Many people think that they can’t improve their writing. The truth is that some tips can help you become a better writer. First of all, write often. Writing improves with practice. Secondly, organize your writing with an outline. An outline gives you a structure to build on. In addition, write in a plain style. Don’t try to use fancy language. Write as you would speak. Say what you mean simply and clearly. Finally, stick to your main ideas. Nothing improves writing more than avoiding unneeded words and statements. Point: Supporting detail: 1. Supporting detail: 2. Supporting detail: 3. Supporting detail: 4. Complete the outline for this paragraph.

11. POINT AND SUPPORT OUTLINES Many people think that they can’t improve their writing. The truth is that some tips can help you become a better writer. First of all, write often. Writing improves with practice. Secondly, organize your writing with an outline. An outline gives you a structure to build on. In addition, write in a plain style. Don’t try to use fancy language. Write as you would speak. Say what you mean simply and clearly. Finally, stick to your main ideas. Nothing improves writing more than avoiding unneeded words and statements. Point: Some tips can help you become a better writer. Supporting detail: 1. Write often. Supporting detail: 2. Organize your writing with an outline. Supporting detail: 3. Write in a plain style. Supporting detail: 4. Stick to your main ideas.

12. POINT AND SUPPORT OUTLINES Remember the relationship between point and support: