1. Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
Plant Biology 1

2. Respiration and Fermentation
Process of converting glucose to a useable form of energy
Respiration uses Oxygen and is very efficient
Fermentation does not need Oxygen but is very inefficient

3. ATP Adenosine Tri-phosphate A compound that “powers” the cell
All cell parts need ATP to work properly
Without ATP, the cell dies.

4. Glycolysis, Cell respiration or fermentation
ATP
So where can we get ATP?
Glycolysis, Cell respiration or fermentation

5. Glycolysis Cells cannot break down large compounds
Glucose must be changed so the cell can use it.
Through a series of chemical reactions, glucose is changed to pyruvic acid
During this process, 6 molecules of ATP are produced (8 are produced, but 2 are used up)

6. Pyruvic acid
Energy compound produced at the end of glycolysis

7. 2 ATP’s used
Glucose
8 ATP’s produced
Glycolysis
Pyruvic Acid

8. Respiration (an aerobic process)
Process of converting pyruvic acid to ATP in the presence of oxygen
One pyruvic acid molecule can produce 30 molecules of ATP
By-product of respiration is CO2 + H20
Takes places inside each cell, in the mitochondria (organelle)

9. C6H12O6 + 6O2= 6CO2 +6 H2O This reaction produces 30 ATPs!
Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2= 6CO2 +6 H2O This reaction produces 30 ATPs!

10. 2 ATP’s used
Glucose
8 ATP’s produced
Glycolysis
Pyruvic Acid
Respiration
30 ATP’s produced
CO2 and H2O

11. What if there is no, or not enough oxygen?
Fermentation

12. Fermentation (an anaerobic process)
Process of producing some ATP without oxygen present
Much less efficient
Only 2 ATP’s are produced from each glucose molecule
All cells are capable of fermentation
Two types
Lactic Acid fermentation
Alcoholic fermentation

13. Lactic Acid Fermentation
“Feeling the burn!”
When a cell runs out of oxygen, it makes ATP by repeating the glycolysis process.
Fermentation replaces a special compound lost during glycolysis
Fermentation does not produce ATP, but merely allows the cell to go through the glycolysis process repeatedly.

14. Lactic Acid fermentation
Fermentation uses sugar much faster than respiration
This is why exercise is better if your cells are functioning in this mode (anaerobic).
Lactic acid and carbon dioxide are the by products of fermentation. If you produce them, your body must get rid of them quickly, or they can cause damage to your cells.

15. Alcoholic Fermentation
Similar to lactic acid fermentation, but the by-product is ethyl alcohol, instead of lactic acid, and carbon dioxide
The carbon dioxide produces the air spaces in bread, and the ethyl is the toxin that impairs brain function when consumed.

16. Ethyl alcohol or lactic acid and CO2
2 ATP’s used
Glucose
8 ATP’s produced
Glycolysis
2 ATP’s produced
Pyruvic Acid
Is oxygen present? No
Yes
Fermentation
Respiration
30 ATP’s produced
Ethyl alcohol or lactic acid and CO2
CO2 and H2O

17. Something to think about
What is the advantage of aerobic respiration vs anaerobic?
Why wouldn’t all cells just do aerobic?
In what situations would anaerobic be better?