1.  In an inquiry classroom, teachers facilitate the construction of new knowledge by activating and then pursuing the inquisitive nature of each learner. (Golden Apple Foundation, 2003) It is recommended that students explore the concepts through interactions with the hands-on activities prior to using the powerpoint presentations.  Powerpoint presentations have been created for the convenience of the teacher and are intended for use as a supplement to the hands-on activities. Teachers may modify and adapt them as they choose to meet the needs of their students. NOTE to the Teacher

2. Carbon Journey ELF Activity: Energy 1C http://andrill.org/education/elf/activities/1C

3. Image: Smithsonian Museum Image: Mineral Information Institute Carbon in its elemental form as graphite, familiar in most pencils. Carbon in its elemental form as a diamond. What is Carbon?

4. Carbon as a gas compound: carbon dioxide, CO 2. Image: www.noaa.gov Image: www.mii.org Carbon as an element in a solid compound: coal. Image: www.mii.org Carbon as an element in a solid compound. This is the mineral calcium carbonate, or limestone, CaCO 3. Carbon in Compounds

5. Here you see the larger reservoirs: atmosphere, oceans, fossil fuels, the land, and the biosphere. TERRESTRIAL BIOSPHERE OCEANS FOSSIL FUELS ATMOSPHERE Image: www.noaa.gov The Carbon Cycle The movement of carbon through Earth’s systems is influenced by many geological, biological and physical processes.

6. Carbon Sinks and Reservoirs Images: www.noaa.gov Photosynthesis is a process where plants remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and using the energy from the sun, create sugars, proteins and other solid carbon-based compounds within the structure of the plants.

7. Carbon Sinks and Reservoirs www.noaa.gov Shells formed by marine animals remove carbon from the atmosphere and the ocean.

8. Carbon Sinks and Reservoirs Images: www.nasa.gov Some of the single-celled organisms which absorb dissolved carbon dioxide from the oceans Satellite image showing chlorophyll blooms in the oceans. These blooms indicate large amounts of single-celled organisms undergoing photosynthesis.

9. Carbon Sinks and Reservoirs Sediments being formed at the bottom of the ocean--these sediments play an important role in long term carbon storage. www.noaa.gov Sediment cores from the ocean floor showing another‘sink’ where carbon is stored.

10. Carbon Sources www.noaa.gov Volcanoes release large amounts of carbon dioxide and other gases into the atmosphere. www.noaa.gov Fires take solid carbon stored in trees and shrubs and return it to the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide. www.epa.gov The burning of fossil fuels to produce heat and electricity return large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

11. Carbon Sources Another process that moves carbon dioxide from the soil to the atmosphere is the decomposition of organic material, such as wood or peat by bacteria and fungi. www.andrewsforest.oregonstate.edu www.forestryimages.org

12. The carbon cycle has been going on throughout the history of the Earth. www.noaa.gov

13. The carbon cycle has been going on throughout the history of the Earth. Image: UNEP/GRID-Arendal http://www.grida.no/graphicslib/detail/carbon-cycle_9d44#

14. This material is based on work supported by an Environmental Literacy Grant from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Office of Education (NA09SEC4690009) and prior work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants ANT-0342484 and ESI-0632175. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in these materials are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or the National Science Foundation. http://andrill.org/education/elf/activities