1. Human Biotechnology

2. is about you and me, not about other creatures on Earth could a perfect person be in the near future

3. Human Biotechnology we are not sure if we want one, or if we do, what traits we would want

4. The Human Organism humans are similar to other animals, but major differences scientific name of human = Homo Sapiens

5. The Human Organism first Homo Sapiens on earth- 300,000 to 400,000years ago each body cell of a human has 46 chromosomes

6. The Human Organism human consists of cells, tissue, organs, organ systems humans are primates (180 species of animals are primates), but still quite different

7. The Human Organism organ systems do a lot of work (e.g. the heart - at age of 70 it has pumped 46 million gallons)

8. The Human Organism heart failure is leading cause of the human death skeleton protects the internal organs

9. The Human Organism ligaments are tissues that hold the skeleton together skin covers the body and maintains the body temperature

10. The Human Organism nerve endings in skin sense pain, cold, heat… brain provides response to these conditions

11. The Human Organism muscles provide movement cells must have nutrients to correctly function

12. The Human Organism digestive system breaks food into useful substances respiratory system provides oxygen to the body and rids it of carbon dioxide

13. The Human Organism gas exchange with the blood occurs in the lungs

14. The Human Organism circulatory system (heart, blood vessels) carries oxygen from the lungs for the cells and brings wastes to the lungs and kidneys

15. The Human Organism urinary system removes certain wastes from blood and flushes them from the body

16. The Human Organism wastes move to urinary bladder and is squeezed from the body through the urethra reproductive systems vary with gender

17. The Human Organism mammary system develops in females (milk for babies)

18. Life Process includes growth and repair, obtaining food and nutrients, circulation, respiration, secretion, sensation movement, and elimination

19. Life Process reproduction - human continues as new generations

20. Life Process humans have high developed brain and gives us the abilities to speak, to reason, to create technology

21. Life Process to stand up right, to walk on two legs distinguish us from the primates humans live longer and develop slower

22. Human Development is the progressive maturation of an individual from birth until death culture consists of the ways individuals have developed to go about life

23. Human Development characteristics are transmitted from one to another generation

24. Developmental Stages combination of biological and cultural advancement has several developmental stages

25. Developmental Stages common stages are: -Infancy -Preschool -Child Years -Teenage Years -Adulthood

26. Biotech Supports Development used to promote health ethical decisions are involved people vary about the view of biotech

27. Human Genomics is all of the genes that comprise the genetic makeup of humans is the total genetic composition of humans

28. Human Genomics efforts are now underway to identify all genomes will allow isolation, treatment, replacement of defective ones

29. Human Genome Project (HGP) is an international effort of involving scientists, educators, students in locating and identifying every human gene

30. Human Genome Project HGP large task will provide insight into evolution

31. 4 Approaches Genetic Mapping Physical Mapping Sequencing Analyzing genomes of other species

32. 4 Approaches to HGP Genetic Mapping Physical Mapping Sequencing Analyzing genomes of other species

33. Background Human Genome Organization (HUGO) is an international group that coordinates HGP formed in 1988

34. Background Canada, Italy, France, UK, USA are active efforts with mice, bacteria, plants

35. Background 3 bacterial genomes have been completed progress has been more rapid than expected widespread use of HGP information in 2010

36. Findings human organism has about 100,000 genes has 23 pairs of chromosomes - 22 autosomal chromosome pairs and 1 sex chromosome pair ( YY or XX)

37. Findings more than 3 billion base pairs in haploid genome an autosome is a chromosome that is not sex chromosome

38. Findings physical maps show locations of and distances between genes and DNA fragments

39. Findings genetic linkage map shows the relative arrangement and distance between genes then DNA gets sequenced

40. Helping Humans live better scientist have been manipulating genes at the molecular level these efforts improve human well being

41. Helping Humans live better downs syndrome is a disease in which a baby is born with an extra chromosome

42. Helping Humans live better 1 in 600- 800 babies is born with it having a baby with down syndrome increase with the mothers age

43. Helping Humans Live Better small head, enlarged tongue, eyes that slant upward many die within year no treatments available

44. Gene Therapy is the transfer of genes to a human organism make up of a human is altered

45. Gene Therapy procedure is controversial once therapy is done, the human is a GMO (genetically modified organism)

46. Vaccine help the body to recognize and fight disease use weakened or killed germs for a virus to introduce antigen proteins attached to a virus

47. Vaccine body builds resistance vaccine for hepatitis is made by inserting the gene responsible for this antigen into yeast cells

48. Vaccine each yeast cell makes a copy of itself and the antigen gene antigen is later purified

49. Vaccine when injected into the body, antigen stimulates the production of antibodies that combat hepatitis

50. Prosthetics is the use of artificial parts of the human body includes the study and use of mechanical devises to replace or supplement natural human parts

51. Prosthetics that includes joint replacements, heart peacemakers, intraocular lenses

52. Prosthetics a dialysis machine is a kind of prosthesis that performs functions normal kidneys would do in removing wastes from blood

53. Prosthetics biocompatibility - implanted devices must be mechanically fit for the purpose and not rejected by the body

54. Prosthetics externally used devices must provide the appropriate mechanical action and support

55. Prosthetics carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition that develops when people do the same activities over and over mechanical devices are used to promote healing

56. Diagnostics is the identification of a human health problem or other conditions knowing the approach to use in treating disease requires accurate diagnosis of condition

57. Genomics and Computers diagnosis relies on human genetic information computer databases are being used in diagnostics help matching genes with health conditions

58. Microdissection and Molecular Analysis Microdissection is a method of obtaining pure cells from diseased sections of tissue

59. Microdissection and Molecular Analysis is often used to test for precancerous cells or invading cancer cells

60. Microdissection and Molecular Analysis molecular analysis can be used to study the cells for evidence of disease

61. Microdissection and Molecular Analysis allows comparison with diseased DNA stored in microdissected libraries or bulk tissue libraries