1. Endocrine System Hormones

2. Endocrine glands Endocrine glands make hormones Hormones are chemical messengers transported in the bloodstream. Hormones bring about a response, or change, in cells with matching receptors - called target cells.

5. Pituitary Gland Master gland Located just below the brain Growth hormone (GH) Prolactin (‘lact-’ means milk) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

8. Growth Hormone

9. Growth hormone

10. Pituitary Gland Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Oxytocin

12. Thyroid gland Located in the neck region Makes thyroid hormone that regulates the rate of metabolism in the body Iodine is needed for thyroid hormone

14. Goiter, due to iodine deficiency

15. Adrenal gland Small glands located just on top of the kidneys Inner portion is called the adrenal medulla Makes epinephrine (aka adrenaline) and norepinephrine Responsible for the fight or flight response

18. Adrenal gland Outer portion of the gland is the adrenal cortex Cortisol helps the body conserve and store energy; suppresses the immune response; is anti-inflammatory

20. Adrenal gland The adrenal cortex also makes aldosterone Results in sodium reabsorption from the kidneys to the bloodstream

22. Pancreas Located just below the stomach Makes insulin that lowers blood glucose by taking it out of the bloodstream and into cells, such as brain cells Diabetes Mellitus is due to not enough insulin, or the inability to respond to insulin

25. Diabetes Mellitus Type I, aka Insulin-dependent Diabetes is an autoimmune disease that attacks the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas Type II, aka adult-onset Diabetes has a heavy hereditary component. Often associated with poor diet and obesity. The last type of diabetes is called gestational diabetes associated with pregnancy.