3. Narrative  Definition: A spoken or written account of events.  Example: Once upon a time a girl lived in a shoe.  Types:  Autobiography  Biographies  Poetry  Stories

4. Narrative Focus Narrative Characterization Character Interactions Figurative Language Theme

5. Characterization  Definition: Analysis of a character  Example: Waverly is mean because of the way she speaks “freely” to her mother.  Characterization statement  Types:  Indirect – Reader must make inferences about a character based on the author’s description  Direct – Author tells reader directly about character  Methods for analysis:  Appearance – How the character looks  Dialogue – What the character says to others  Narration – What the character/narrator says  Actions – What the character does You need a characteristic trait

6. Direct Characterization  “It’s not that, its just so obvious. It’s just so embarrassing.” (270)  This shows Waverly is embarrassed of her mother because she tells her mother how she feels about her showing her off.

7. Indirect Characterization  “When he smiled and asked what they served, I shouted, ‘Guts and duck’s feet and octopus Gizzards’.” (264)  This shows Waverly is mischievous because she joked with the tourists about what the Chinese restaurant sold.

8. Methods for Analysis

10. Character Interactions  Definition : Analysis of a character based on a characters interactions with self and others  Types:  Internal conflict – Struggle character has with self  External conflict – Struggle character has with others

11. External & Internal Conflict  “I jerked my hand out of my mother’s tight grasp and spun around.” (271) Indirect  This shows Waverly’s external conflict is a struggle with her mother over the embarrassment she feels when her mother “shows her off”.  “I closed my eyes and pondered my next move.” (272) Indirect  This shows Waverly’s internal conflict is her struggle with how to resolve her embarrassment with her mother “showing her off”.

12. Figurative Language  Metaphor - Comparison not using like or as Life is a highway.  Simile – Comparison using like or as Life is like a highway.  Idiom – Common expression Money doesn’t grow on trees.  Personification – An object takes on human characteristics My locker ate my hw. Figure out the meaning of word

13. Figurative Language  Hyperbole – Exaggeration It was a thousand degrees outside.  Alliteration – Repetition of initial consonant sounds James jumped joyfully.  Allegory – A story with a dual meaning “R.O.G” – Chess strategies = life strategies  Symbol – Object stands for something Snake = evil Figurative Analysis: Type, Comparison, Connotation

14. Application Literature Characterization Chart TRP/Essay Figurative Analysis

15. TRP Example (Topic sentence) Michener is stubborn because his dialogue indirectly characterizes him as such. (Example sentence) For example, “I protested: No, No, No rugs!” (317) (Explanation sentence) This exemplifies Michener’s stubbornness because he refused to take the rugs.

16. Analysis in story Tone  Definition: Author’s attitude in the story  Example: Plath’s tone in “Tulips” is very negative towards her stay in the hospital. Mood  Definition: Feeling created in the story  Example: The mood the figurative language Plath uses on “Tulips” is depressing and sad.

17. Exam Key Terms  Narrative  Characterization  Indirect Characterization  Direct Characterization  Methods for Analysis  Appearance  Dialogue  Narration  Actions  Character Interactions  Internal Characterization  External Characterization  Figurative Language  Metaphor  Simile  Idiom  Personification  Symbol  Hyperbole  Alliteration  Allegory  Tone  Mood  Characterization chart  TRP  Figurative Analysis

18. Questions?? Ask me now!! Exam Friday!!!!/Fri! Application: 1.Short story – “New Directions” p191 2. Mini characterization chart 3. TRP based on chart 4. Figurative analysis based on the story Basic: M.C/True or False based in this story Points – up to 100 pts