1. Acton BiologyMr. LeBlanc SBI 3U Diversity of Living Things

2. Growth  increase in size  enlargement of a single cell or mitotic division towards the forming of a multi- cellular organism  leads to a series of changes that allows an organism to reach its final form (development)

3. Reproduction  only life can produce life (like produces like)  organisms must reproduce because they have a limited life span  methods include asexual and/or sexual reproduction

4. Irritability  response to stimuli or changes in the environment  allows for survival

5. Maintenance and Repair  energy is needed to repair damaged and/or worn out parts 

6. Metabolism  is the exchange of matter and energy between an organism and its environment and the changes that occur in this matter and energy when they are in the organism

7.  Originally developed by Carl Linnaeus (18 th century)  His system was based on physical features and structures  Why?

8.  Two-part Latin naming system  First part is the genus  Second part is the species  Ex. For Homo sapiens (the name for humans), Homo is the genus and sapiens is the species  A species is a group of organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring under normal conditions ▪ Example and non-example?

9.  Taxonomy is the modern classification system for organisms  The levels of classification are called taxa  A single taxonomic level is called a taxon

10. Species Genus Family Order Class Phylum Kingdom KPCOFGSKPCOFGS KPCOFGSKPCOFGS Least number of taxonomic groups Greatest number of organisms per taxon Greatest number of taxonomic groups One organism per taxon

11.  Eubacteria – “True” bacteria  Archaebacteria – “Ancient” bacteria  Protista – Eukaryotic microorganisms  Fungi – Yeasts, molds and mushrooms  Plantae – Plants  Animalia - Animals

12.  Unicellular  Prokaryotic  Heterotrophic or autotrophic  Asexual reproduction  Cell wall (peptidoglycan)  Ex. algae

13.  Procholorococcus – an autotrophic bacterium Bundren, 200813

14.  Unicellular  Prokaryotic  Heterotrophic  Cell wall (no peptidoglycan)

15.  Reproduction – asexual  Cell Wall – cell walls without peptidoglycan  Habitat – live in extreme habitats such as hot springs, geysers, volcanic hot pools, brine pools, black smokers Bundren, 200815

16. Morning Glory Pool in Yellowstone National Park – note the bright colors from the archaebacteria growing in the extremely hot water. Bundren, 200816

17. Bundren, 200817

18.  Archaebacteria can live deep in the ocean near geothermal vents called black smokers  There is no light, so they carry out chemosynthesis instead of photosynthesis Bundren, 200818

19.  Single celled or multicellular  Prokaryotic or eukaryotic  Autotrophic, heterotrophic or both  Sexual or asexual reproduction  Cell wall

20. Volvox – a colonial protist Euglena - autotrophic A slime moldAmoeba - heterotrophic Bundren, 200820

21.  Most are multicellular  Heterotrophic  Sexual and asexual reproduction  Cell wall made of chitin

22. Stilton cheese Bread mold Bundren, 200822

23.  Multicellular  Autotrophic  Sexual and asexual reproduction  Cell wall made of cellulose

24. Bundren, 200824

25.  Multicellular  Heterotrophic  Sexual reproduction (most)  No cell wall

26. Coral snake Sponge Flatworm Octopus Jellyfish Bear Bundren, 200826