1. Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis There are two reactions (light and dark) INOUT CO 2 Glucose H2OH2OO2O2 Energy (light) Balanced Equation 6CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + Energy (light) C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

2. Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration taking glucose and O2 O2 making energy C 6 H 12 O 6 + O2O2 IN OUT Glucose CO 2 O2 O2 H2OH2O Energy (ATP) Balanced Equation C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + energy (ATP) energy

3. Cellular Respiration Glycolysis ( GLIE -KAHL-us-suhs) * occurs in the cytoplasm * requires 2 ATP molecules to start the reaction * makes 4 ATP molecules * makes pyruvic acid There is a NET GAIN of 2 ATP! This process uses only 2% of the energy available in a glucose molecule. What happens to the rest of the available energy?

4. Cellular Respiration Anaerobic respiration >>>NO OXYGEN PRESENT! Fermentation Lactic Acid Fermentation Remember: Glycolysispyruvic acidlactic acid * lactic acid fermentation starts when cells run low on O2O2 * you feel a burning sensation, especially in large muscles *After exercising, O2 O2 levels increase Why do you continue breathing hard after exercising? This process is also used to make yogurt and cheese.

5. Cellular Respiration Alcohol Fermentation Remember: Glycolysis pyruvic acid alcohol + CO 2 * yeast (& other organisms) don’t need O2 O2 to live/work *essential to make Beer and Bread BeerBread oatsflour barleysugar yeast H2OH2OH2OH2O Alcohol evaporates, CO 2 leaves holes & pockets in the bread as the bubbles pop!

6. Cellular Respiration Aerobic respiration >> OXYGEN PRESENT! Kreb’s cycle * Occurs in the mitochondria *There is a NET GAIN of 2 ATP! Remember : What was created in glycolysis? 2 - pyruvic acid molecules Where in the cell does glycolysis take place? cytoplasm So…. 2 pyruvic acid molecules move from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria

7. Cellular Respiration Electron transport chain *occurs in membrane of the cristae *O 2 is need during this process There is a NET GAIN of 32 ATP’s!

8. Cellular Respiration 1 Glucose molecule 2 ATP Glycolyisis 4 ATP Kreb cycle 2 ATP Electron Transport Chain 32 ATP = 38 ATP minus 2 ATP 36 ATP’s **This process is only 66% efficient The remaining energy is released as body heat