1. KEY CONCEPT Respiration is the metabolic process which uses energy stored in food to make ATP molecules which provide usable energy to the cells

2. 1. Aerobic Respiration-Requires Oxygen gas
Two forms of Respiration
1. Aerobic Respiration-Requires Oxygen gas
2. Anaerobic Respiration– No Oxygen gas

3. Two Forms of Respiration
Anaerobic
Aerobic
Do Not Require Oxygen
Begins with Glycolysis
Consists of Reactions: Glycolysis
- Fermentation
Produces 2 ATP
Rxns occur in Cytoplasm
Require Oxygen
Begins with Glycolysis
Consists of Reactions:
- Glycolysis
- Kreb’s Cycle
- Electron Transport Chain
Produces 38 ATP
Rxns occur in Cytoplasm and Mitochondria

4. Glycolysis is the first step in both types of respiration
Does Not Require Oxygen
Occurs in cytoplasm
Means “sugar splitting”
Glucose is “split” into two pyruvic acid molecules (Hi E)
Requires the energy from 2 ATP molecules
Net product 2 ATP molecules (makes 4 but requires 2)

6. Aerobic Respiration (a.k.a. Cellular Respiration)
Chemical Equation of Aerobic Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Reactants Products
___________________ _____________

7. Cellular respiration occurs in the _Mitochondria .

8. energy from glycolysis
Kreb’s Cycle
Pyruvic acids molecules made in glycolysis move into the
Mitochondrial matrix and become reactants in the Kreb’s Cycle
E stored in pyruvic acid is released to form
2 High Energy molecules: ATP and NADH
6H O 2
6CO 6O
mitochondrion
matrix (area enclosed
by inner membrane)
inner membrane
ATP
energy
energy from glycolysis 1 4 3
and
Carbon atoms from the breakdown of pyruvic acid form CO2 - a waste product

9. energy from glycolysis
Electron Transport Chain
1.) A series of protein molecules embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane along which “excited” electrons released in glycolysis and Krebs Cycle move along releasing energy used make a large number of ATP molecules
6H O 2
6CO 6O
mitochondrion
matrix (area enclosed
by inner membrane)
inner membrane
ATP
energy
energy from glycolysis 1 4 3
and
Oxygen which is highly electronegative and attracts the electrons serves as the “final electron acceptor”
H2O released as byproduct
36 more ATP made
Electron Transport

10. Anaerobic Respiration
Occurs in the cytoplasm
Breakdown of food molecules without oxygen
Begins with glycolysis (just like in aerobic respiration)
Glycolysis makes 2 ATP
The only way glycolysis can keep working is to replace the molecule NAD+ that is the electron acceptor/transporter

11. Fermentation
Occurs when Oxygen is not available – anaerobic process
Occurs in mitochondria
Resupplies the NAD+ so glycolysis can keep happening and ATP can be made
NO ATP Made

12. Two Types of Fermentation
There are two chemical pathways of fermentation
They are named for the final product made
Alcoholic fermentation Lactic Acid fermentation
Yeast – Bread, Wine Muscles - “The Burn”
Bacteria - Yogurt

13. Fermentation is used in food production.
Yogurt
Cheese
Bread
Wine

14. Different organisms produce different fermentation products

15. The equation for the overall process is:
C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O
The reactants in photosynthesis are the same as the products of cellular respiration.

16. Compare and Contrast the 2 Energy Transformation Processes
Photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O >C6H12O6 + 6O2
Cellular Respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O > 6CO2 + 6H2O