2. Project V – Using Studies on the Internet

3. Numerous internet pages have psychology experiments that you can use! http://jonathan.mueller.faculty.noctrl.edu/cr ow/activities.htmhttp://jonathan.mueller.faculty.noctrl.edu/cr ow/activities.htm http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/ mind/index_surveys.shtmlhttp://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/ mind/index_surveys.shtml

4. How good are you a judging the meaning of a behavior? 1) complete an online questionnaire http://www.queendom.com/ Click “Communication Tests” –Under relationship tests

5. 2) complete “smile experiment” http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/ mind/surveys/smiles/index.shtml

6. How good are you at judging the meaning of a behavior? 1) complete questionnaire 2) complete “smile experiment” 3) enter and analyze data

7. Just for fun http://viscog.beckman.uiuc.edu/grafs/demos /15.html

9. Naturalistic Observations Pros Get to observe person in the natural world Very “real” Cons No control

10. Interpersonal Theory Leary’s complementarity –Interpersonal behaviors tend to initiate or invite reciprocal interpersonal behaviors from the “other” person in the interaction Act the same on “warmth” –Warmth encourages warmth –Coldness encourages coldness Act the opposite on “dominance” –Dominance encourages submission –Submission encourages dominance

11. Moving Outside the Lab Does complementarity continue to occur in a more naturalistic environment?

12. Moving Outside the Lab Limitations of lab research Unrealistic situations

13. Moving Outside the Lab Limitations of lab research Very little “noise”

14. Moving Outside the Lab Limitations of lab research Behavior across a limited number of interactions Interpersonal style might be more important than the behavioral patterns expressed in a few interactions

15. Moving Outside the Lab A more naturalistic setting would be desirable However, still need.... 1) Dyads that are randomly created 2) A way to measure each persons interpersonal style

16. Random Dyads The dorms at Villanova Freshman year students are randomly paired together

17. Measuring Interpersonal Styles in a Natural Environment Person’s A interpersonal style when interacting with person B Person’s B interpersonal style when interacting with person A A B Person A describes the interpersonal style of person B Person B describes the interpersonal style of person A

18. Do the interpersonal styles of roommates complement each other at the beginning of their relationship?

19. Do the interpersonal styles of roommates complement each other after living together for 15 weeks?

20. Method Participants –204 females (102 roommates) All roommates were randomly paired together by Villanova University

21. Procedure During the second week of living together and again after living together for 15 weeks –Participants described their roommates interpersonal style by completing the Interpersonal Adjective Scale (IAS-R)

25. An animal resting or passing by leaves crushed grass, footprints, and perhaps droppings, but a human occupying a room for one night prints his character, his biography, his recent history, and sometimes his future plans and hopes. I further believe that personality seeps into walls and is slowly released.... As I sat in this unmade room, Lonesome Harry began to take shape and dimension. I could feel that recently departed guest in the bits and pieces of himself he had left behind. --John Steinbeck, Travels With Charlie

27. Question Can the appearance of someone’s room tell us anything about their personality?

28. Method 83 Bedrooms were examined Occupants of the bedrooms completed a measure of the Big Five 7 Judges rated the bedrooms

29. What does your room look like? 1)____ Strong (vs. weak)odor 2)____ Noisy (vs. quiet) 3)____ Well lit (vs. dark) 4)____ Drafty (vs. stuffy) 5)____ Hot (vs. cold) 6)____ Good (vs. poor)condition 7)____ Decorated (vs. undecorated) 8)____ Cheerful (vs. gloomy) 9)____ Colorful (vs. drab) 10)____ Clean (vs.dirty) 11)____ Organized (vs.disorganized) 12)____ Neat (vs. messy) 13)____ Cluttered (vs. uncluttered) 14)____ Full (vs.empty) 15)____ Roomy (vs.cramped) 16)____ Expensive (vs. cheap) 17)____ Comfortable (vs. uncomfortable) 18)____ Inviting (vs. repelling) 19)____ Large (vs. small) 20)____ Distinctive (vs. ordinary) 21)____ Stylish (vs. unstylish) 22)____ Modern (vs. old fashioned) 23)____ New (vs. old) 24)____ Multiple (vs. single)purpose 25)____ Public (vs. private) 26)____ Formal (vs. informal) 27)____ Conventional (vs. unconventional) 28)____ High (vs. low) traffic area 29)____ Good (vs. poor) use of space 30)____ Matched (vs. mismatched)contents 31)____ Many (vs. few)books 32)____ Organized (vs. disorganized)books 33)____ Varied (vs. homogenous)books 34)____ Many (vs. few)magazines 35)____ Organized (vs. disorganized)magazines 36)____ Varied (vs. homogenous)magazines 37)____ Many (vs. few) CDs 38)____ Organized (vs. disorganized)CDs 39)____ Varied (vs. homogenous)CDs 40)____ Many (vs. few) items of stationery 41)____ Organized (vs. disorganized)stationery

30. Extraversion 1)____ Strong (vs. weak)odor 2)__+__ Noisy (vs. quiet) 3)____ Well lit (vs. dark) 4)____ Drafty (vs. stuffy) 5)____ Hot (vs. cold) 6)____ Good (vs. poor)condition 7)__+_ Decorated (vs. undecorated) 8)____ Cheerful (vs. gloomy) 9)____ Colorful (vs. drab) 10)____ Clean (vs.dirty) 11)____ Organized (vs.disorganized) 12)____ Neat (vs. messy) 13)__+_ Cluttered (vs. uncluttered) 14)____ Full (vs.empty) 15)____ Roomy (vs.cramped) 16)____ Expensive (vs. cheap) 17)____ Comfortable (vs. uncomfortable) 18)____ Inviting (vs. repelling) 19)____ Large (vs. small) 20)____ Distinctive (vs. ordinary) 21)____ Stylish (vs. unstylish) 22)____ Modern (vs. old fashioned) 23)____ New (vs. old) 24)____ Multiple (vs. single)purpose 25)____ Public (vs. private) 26)____ Formal (vs. informal) 27)____ Conventional (vs. unconventional) 28)____ High (vs. low) traffic area 29)____ Good (vs. poor) use of space 30)____ Matched (vs. mismatched)contents 31)____ Many (vs. few)books 32)____ Organized (vs. disorganized)books 33)____ Varied (vs. homogenous)books 34)____ Many (vs. few)magazines 35)__+_ Organized (vs. disorganized)magazines 36)____ Varied (vs. homogenous)magazines 37)____ Many (vs. few) CDs 38)____ Organized (vs. disorganized)CDs 39)____ Varied (vs. homogenous)CDs 40)____ Many (vs. few) items of stationery 41)____ Organized (vs. disorganized)stationery

31. Conscientiousness 1)____ Strong (vs. weak)odor 2)____ Noisy (vs. quiet) 3)____ Well lit (vs. dark) 4)____ Drafty (vs. stuffy) 5)____ Hot (vs. cold) 6)__+_ Good (vs. poor)condition 7)____ Decorated (vs. undecorated) 8)__+_ Cheerful (vs. gloomy) 9)__+_ Colorful (vs. drab) 10)__+_ Clean (vs.dirty) 11)__+_ Organized (vs.disorganized) 12)__+_ Neat (vs. messy) 13)__-_ Cluttered (vs. uncluttered) 14)__-_ Full (vs.empty) 15)__+_ Roomy (vs.cramped) 16)__+_ Expensive (vs. cheap) 17)__+_ Comfortable (vs. uncomfortable) 18)__+_ Inviting (vs. repelling) 19)____ Large (vs. small) 20)____ Distinctive (vs. ordinary) 21)__+_ Stylish (vs. unstylish) 22)__+_ Modern (vs. old fashioned) 23)__+_ New (vs. old) 24)____ Multiple (vs. single)purpose 25)____ Public (vs. private) 26)____ Formal (vs. informal) 27)____ Conventional (vs. unconventional) 28)____ High (vs. low) traffic area 29)____ Good (vs. poor) use of space 30)____ Matched (vs. mismatched)contents 31)____ Many (vs. few)books 32)__+_ Organized (vs. disorganized)books 33)____ Varied (vs. homogenous)books 34)____ Many (vs. few)magazines 35)____ Organized (vs. disorganized)magazines 36)____ Varied (vs. homogenous)magazines 37)____ Many (vs. few) CDs 38)__+_ Organized (vs. disorganized)CDs 39)____ Varied (vs. homogenous)CDs 40)__-_ Many (vs. few) items of stationery 41)__+_ Organized (vs. disorganized)stationery

32. Openness 1)____ Strong (vs. weak)odor 2)____ Noisy (vs. quiet) 3)____ Well lit (vs. dark) 4)____ Drafty (vs. stuffy) 5)____ Hot (vs. cold) 6)____ Good (vs. poor)condition 7)__+_ Decorated (vs. undecorated) 8)____ Cheerful (vs. gloomy) 9)____ Colorful (vs. drab) 10)____ Clean (vs.dirty) 11)____ Organized (vs.disorganized) 12)____ Neat (vs. messy) 13)__+_ Cluttered (vs. uncluttered) 14)__+_ Full (vs.empty) 15)____ Roomy (vs.cramped) 16)____ Expensive (vs. cheap) 17)____ Comfortable (vs. uncomfortable) 18)____ Inviting (vs. repelling) 19)____ Large (vs. small) 20)__+_ Distinctive (vs. ordinary) 21)____ Stylish (vs. unstylish) 22)____ Modern (vs. old fashioned) 23)____ New (vs. old) 24)__+_ Multiple (vs. single)purpose 25)____ Public (vs. private) 26)____ Formal (vs. informal) 27)____ Conventional (vs. unconventional) 28)____ High (vs. low) traffic area 29)____ Good (vs. poor) use of space 30)____ Matched (vs. mismatched)contents 31)_+__ Many (vs. few)books 32)____ Organized (vs. disorganized)books 33)_+__ Varied (vs. homogenous)books 34)____ Many (vs. few)magazines 35)____ Organized (vs. disorganized)magazines 36)__+_ Varied (vs. homogenous)magazines 37)__+_ Many (vs. few) CDs 38)____ Organized (vs. disorganized)CDs 39)____ Varied (vs. homogenous)CDs 40)____ Many (vs. few) items of stationery 41)____ Organized (vs. disorganized)stationery

34. Naturalistic Observation Can be very easy!

35. Starbucks!

36. Are men or women more likely to order specialty drinks? Are men or women more likely to stay after ordering their coffee? Are faculty or students more likely to order specialty drinks? Are faculty or students more likely to stay after ordering their coffee?

37. Method Make groups Each group will go to Starbucks for 15 minutes. Must NOT interact with the subjects –Only observe –Sit at a side table – and pretend you are doing something other than making observations

38. GenderFaculty or Student Specialty Drink or Regular Stay or to go

39. Codes Gender –Male = 0 –Female = 1 Faculty vs. Student –Faculty = 0 –Student = 1 Specially Drink vs. Regular Coffee –Specialty = 0 –Regular = 1 Stay vs. Go –Stay = 0 –Go = 1

40. Starbucks!

41. Current study 1) Limit your observations I wonder how coffee drinking habits are related to gender/occupation, etc. 2) Figure out how to code your observations I think I will watch people ordering coffee at starbucks 3) Collect your data Just do it! 4) Create a coding system Use a simple coding system 5) Analyze your data What did the data tell us?

42. Enter and Analyze Data in Excel

44. Zimbardo

45. Review Naturalistic / Observational Research Demonstrated how to conduct observational research in order to examine various issues. Statistics related to Observational research –Interpreting and computing correlations On the Internet –Personality perception in Internet chat rooms –Linking Internet homepages to persoanlity –Examining the “foot-in-the-door” effect using email –Examining the bystander effect in chat rooms –Used Internet personal ads to examine characteristics of smokers –Used the Internet as a tool

46. Review In the Lab –Interpersonal behaviors in the lab –Examined which behaviors are related to openness and other traitsExamine if “acting behavior” was linked to self-monitoring In the Natural Environment –Roommate behavior –Using a person’s room to examine personality –Went to Starbucks to examine characteristics of coffee drinkers Easy and cheap! –All the tools you need to collect and analyze the data you already have. Flexible –Can use these same methods to examine other issues!