1. Some quick definitions Day 1

2. Input Input, in listening, is the sound wave that reaches your ear. Input can generally be any kind of stimulus: audio, video, pictures, touch, sound, smell, etc… Modified input or selective input is what we tend to use in our classes.

3. Phoneme Phoneme refers to the smallest, basic unit of speech. These are what you are most used to seeing in pronunciation guides /k/, /l/, /r/…

4. Decode/Decoding Decoding is the process of receiving, recognizing, and organizing language. In listening, this means collection of the sounds into syllables, words, phrases, sentences, etc.

5. Meaning-Building Meaning-Building refers to the process of taking that which is recognized and applying meaning to it based on our personal understandings of the text, topic, and world around us. This is what you use schema for…for the most part.

6. Top-Down This is the process of teaching/listening that relies on using what you understand of the world to understand the text.

7. Bottom-Up This is the process of teaching/listening that uses your knowledge of language units to come to an understanding of a text.

8. Back Channel Back Channel is the use of extra-linguistic methods to signal/provide feedback to the speaker. Head nods, Uh huh, Yeh, Ok….