1. Work and Active Ageing in Public Perception This presentation is based on data from the project Older Age and Human Rights: More Participation, Less Discrimination. The project was realized thanks to the support of the Office of the government of the Slovak Republic within the program Promotion and Protection of Human Rights and Freedoms.

2. Zora Bútorová Institute for Public Affairs Presentation at the P.E.O.P.L.E conference in Bojnice, March 1, 2012

3. 1.Chances of older people on the labor market 2.Normative ideas about the approach to older people on the labor market 3.Work in the eyes of older people 4.Strong and weak sides of older workers 5.Ideas about the retirement 6.Active ageing in public perception 7.Perception of the position and contribution of older people “. Agenda

4. „Choose two age groups that in your opinion...“ (% of answers by respondents aged 45 – 64) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, January 2012. Bring the biggest economic contribution Have the strongest political influence Deserve the most credit and recognition People in their 30s4492 People in their 40s78427 People in their 50s456421 People in their 60s83736 People in their 70s1942 People in their 80s0123

5. „There are many different ways in which people contribute to society. To what extent do you think people in Slovakia aged 55 and over contribute in the following areas?“ (% of answers „contribute greatly“) Zdroj: Eurobarometer, 2011.

6. „What is the position of older people in our society in comparison with the younger ones?“ (opinions of the entire population - in %) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, December 2011.

7. „Which problems of the older people are the most serious?“ (opinions of the entire population – in %) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, December 2011..

8. „Given common hiring policies at Slovak companies, which three categories of job applucants have the lowest chance to get a job?“ (opinions of the entire population - in %) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, December 2011.

9. „Which of the following statements do you support: A. Despite a shortage of jobs, people of all ages should have an equal. B.In case of a job shortage younger people should take preferrence over older people.“ (opinions of the entire population - in %) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, September 2005 and December 2011.

10. „Employers should... A.... create equal work conditions for all employees, regardless of their age.. B.... Create work conditions corrresponding to the needs of each age group.“ (opinions of the entire population - in %) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, December 2011.

11. „What do you appreciate most about your work?“ (opinions of working men and women 45 – 64, in %) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, January 2012.

12. „To what degree do working people 45 - 64 appreciate particular aspects of their work?“ (% of answers „certainly and rather yes“) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, January 2012.

13. „Imagine your job is in jeopardy. What would you be willing to do to keep your job?“ (% of affirmative answers) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, January 2012.

14. „How do you cope with the physical and mental demands of your work?“ (average grade among working men and women 45 – 64) Note: Evaluations on a scale ranging from 1 (very well) to 5 (very poorly). Source: Institute for Public Affairs, January 2012. Men Women Physical demands Mental demands Physical demands Mental demands Total average grade1,891,801,931,94 Elementary education2,112,032,392,25 Vocational education1,841,812,101,99 Secondary education1,791,781,861,92 University education1,571,70 1,80 Aged 45 – 491,661,801,781,83 Aged 55 – 591,951,852,142,11

15. „Do what extent meet people aged 55 - 62 work requirements?“ (Opinions of people 45 – 64 – average grade) Note: Evaluations on a scale ranging from 0 (minimum) to 10 (maximum). Source: Institute for Public Affairs, January 2012. Average Strong employee loyalty8.62 Thoughtfulness, deliberateness, work and life experience,8.56 High level of work discipline8.52 Fewer interruptions of work due to the illness or the care for family members 7.80 Lower wage demands7.51 Readiness to dedicate free time to work7.29 High performance7.18 Flexible response to new situations6.42 Ambition and motivation for growing professionally and learning new things 5.70 Good computer skills4.46 Active knowledge of foreign languages4.23

16. „What is your idea about retirement? Until what age do you plan to work?“ (Opinions of people 45 – 64 according to education) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, January 2012.

17. „If you could choose, which way to retire would you prefer?“ (opinions of people 45 – 64, according to education – in %) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, January 2012.

18. In your opinion, what is the ideal retirement age?“ (Opinions of people 45 – 64) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, August 2006 and January 2012. Ideal retirement age of men Ideal retirement age of women Average age 2006 60.055.8 Average age 2011 60.157.3 Opinions of men 2011 60.057.5 Opinions of women 2011 60.257.1 % of answers „62 years and more“ 23 %3 %

19. „People past retirement ages should...“ (affrmative : negative opinions – in %) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, December 2012. Entire population People 45+... Continue working as long as they are able and willing to work 41 : 5550 : 48... Take part in the political life as much as younger people 44 : 4847 : 45... Take care of their grand-children as much as possible67 : 29... Help other older people around them74 : 1872 : 20... Participate as volunteer in solving problems of the community 75 : 1874 : 19... Continue learning and keep pace with changing times78 : 1977 : 18... Enjoy the good life78 : 17... More actively promote the rights of older people in the society 76 : 1780 : 15

20. „In your opinion, what is active ageing?“ (aswers to an open-ended question - in %) Source: Institute for Public Affairs, December 2011.

21. Zora Bútorová www.ivo.sk