1. Unit 8C Lesson 2 Fungus and Penicillin Objectives: to learn about yeast and fungus and some of their useful applications. Targets: 1and 3

2. Fungus These are plant like organisms but they have no chloroplasts. Two of the types of fungus you will be most familiar with are mushrooms and mould. Generally speaking fungus like warm, moist, dark places to grow. There are three types of fungus you need to know about: –Yeast –Athletes Foot –Penicillin

3. Yeast Yeast are micro-organisms which reproduce by dividing in half. As they grow they produce two useful substances for us: –When we put yeast in bread it produces carbon dioxide. This is what makes the bread rise. –When make beers, wines, and liquors yeast produces the alcohol.

4. Athletes Foot Athletes foot is a type of fungus which grows in between toes and under toenails. It is often picked up by going barefoot in public places such as showers, swimming pools, and gym changing rooms. It generally starts with mild itching and can become inflamed if not treated. Things you can do to prevent Athlete’s Foot: Wash your feet daily.Dry your feet well. Avoid tight footware.Wear sandals in hot weather. Wear clean breathable socks.Go barefoot at home. Use anti-fungal powders in your shoes. Use foot powders to absorb moisture.

5. Penicillin Penicillin is a type of mould which grows naturally on bread. Penicillin is given to people who have been infected by bacteria. The penicillin kills the bacteria. Because penicillin kills bacteria it is called an antibiotic. Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Flemming. –Flemming was growing bacteria in a lab. –This plates of bacteria he was growing were accidentally infected with penicillin. –Flemming noticed that the penicillin killed any bacteria it came into contact with. Large batches of penicillin were first grown by Howard Florey and Ernst Chain.

6. Work to Do Read pages 78 to 79 Complete questions 1-2 page 79 Complete Activity Sheet 7.2 Homework –Complete H/W sheet 7.2 this is going to take some internet of library research. –Define the following keywords: Antibiotic, fungus, inflammation, penicillin, yeast