1. Workers Movements

2. Chartism The "People's Charter," drafted in 1838 by William Lovett, was at the heart of a radical campaign for parliamentary reform of the inequities remaining after the Reform Act of 1832. The Chartists' six main demands were: votes for all men; equal electoral districts; abolition of the requirement that Members of Parliament be property owners; payment for M.P.s; annual general elections; and the secret ballot.

5. 183918421848

6. Diverse Motivation Drove Chartism Poverty Anger Inadequacy of Trade Unions Class Consciousness Chartist Demonstration in London, 1848

7. Chartist Rank-and-File Recruitment Came From Two Different Economic Settings 1.Towns Undergoing Decline or Contracting 2.New, Growing Towns Dominated by One Industry: Stockport 3.Minimal Support from Agricultural Laborers

8. William Lovett and other founders committed to nonviolence Parliamentary supporters also supported moral force ‘Informing the mind’ & ‘Captivating the senses’ Success through discussion, public meetings, pamphleteering and petitioning 1840s- Apparent failure, powers questioned ‘Moral Force’

9. Joseph Rayner Stephens and Feargus O’Connor Upset at the questioning of their methods, Lovett and Attwood retired from public life O’Connor: “willing to die for the cause” and to “lead people to death or glory” Warned of violence if the six points were not met quickly Founded the Northern Star and East London Democratic Association ‘Physical Force’

11. Evolution of Chartism Stage 1 (1838-42): Charter Chief Unifying Goal of the Movement until Parliament Rejected the 2 nd Petition Stage 2 (1843-48): O ’ Connor Espoused New Idea, Land Reform, Which Would Give Workers Economic Power. Collapsed When Parliament Rejected 3 rd Petition O ’ Connor Discredited as Leader 1.3 Purposes Stage 3 (1848-50) 1.Militant Left-Wing Leaders Gained Control and Transformed It Into Socialist Organization 2.Political Reform Social Democracy

12. Chartism ’ s Long-Term Impact 1 st Mass Working-Class Movement in British History Fostered Peaceful and Democratic Evolution of British Constitution Promoted More Enlightened Government Policy Important Role as a Safety Valve Assisted Growth of Independent Working Class Fostered Growth of Class Consciousness

13. Karl Marx (1818-1883) Born to a wealthy Jewish family Studied at Universities of Bonn and Berlin Wrote many works including: Capital, The German Ideology, The Communist Manifesto, etc. Influenced many world leaders including Mao Zedong, Leon Trotsky and Vladimir Lenin.

14. Friedrich Engels (1820-1895) Relatively Wealthy Studied condition of English working class Wrote well Combined his empirical view with Marx ’ s philosophical view

15. The Communist Manifesto Written 1848 Only 46 pages Written to inspire and motivate assembly line factory workers

16. Overall Theory History evolves in ways we can understand Wanted to isolate the determinate motor forces of history (like Darwin) Spent years studying and developed a sophisticated theory of historical development Not a revolutionary, but a scholar Historical Evolution is Inevitable

17. Economic Determinism Economics drives History Forms the base STRUCTURE of society SUPERSTRUCTURE - politics, religion, social customs, intellectual work - is built on the economic structure Tribal - Feudal - Capitalism - Communism History is one of class struggles

18. The Dialectic Theory of How History Evolves Exploitation - Contradictions - Change No system is without Contradictions Contradictions will point out change Only a non-exploitive system can ultimately survive a.k.a. Historical Materialism Where ’ s the contradiction in capitalism?

19. Worker Alienation How are workers alienated in capitalism? Work is dehumanizing and repetitive Producing value for someone else alienated from means of production religion teaches them to be obedient Cannot develop their own humanity Will develop Class Consciousness

22. Labor vs. Management

23. Part II Unions and Strikes Through Poetry- Songs- and Posters

25. The Hand That Will Rule the World  One Big Union

27. Billy Bragg “Power in a Union” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4CkFPyH8v1c Billy Bragg “Never Cross the Picket Line” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojPTz4VAOMA Dropkick Murphys “Workers Song” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aTafZRecy2k Street Dogs “Unions and the Law” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YpkhpuDIMiU Pete Seeger “Which Side are you on?” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5iAIM02kv0g&li st=PL610DAC9FDC6FCEDE http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5iAIM02kv0g&li st=PL610DAC9FDC6FCEDE