1. Chris Burnside A&AE 450 – Senior Design Critical Design Review March 6, 2000 Christopher Burnside

2. Chris Burnside CDR Areas Vehicles Final Uses, Numbers, and Analysis Vehicle Communications ERV satellite communications Science What equipment we are taking and what are we doing when we get there Robotic Exploration What is the purpose of the balloons

3. Chris Burnside MH – Mars Hotrod Design Constrains and Assumptions Designed for higher speed surface mobility Must be able to do emergency rescue up to 1000 Km Stays around base all time except during emergencies Provisions for safety (extra oxygen, fuel, water) Methanol fuel -- 2.129 KW-hr/Kg (Energy Density) Lift-off mass -- 475 Kg Mars mass -- 2600 Kg (Water & Fuel Ballast) Creates a low center of mass ~.6 m off ground

4. Chris Burnside MH – Mars Hotrod Analysis C.G. =.6 m from ground Gives a simple geometry problem to find the height needed to tip the vehicle over 1.13 m height difference from either side of vehicle to tip over If you do tip over you can empty the ballast, flip over and drive home. Don’t do that though because it wastes 2 tonnes of water.5 m^3 of methanol to complete a 1000 Km drive

5. Chris Burnside

6. Vehicle Design -- MPT MPT (Multi-Purpose Trailer). Designed to hold 5 tonnes of equipment, rovers, and Martian rocks. Can be hitched to any of the vehicles. Customizable – meaning the sides can be removed for easy storage, transport to Mars and large payloads. Full complement of straps and tie-downs included in the tool compartments. Simple 1 axial design and a crank hitch for stability. Pivot for easy loading of the rovers and any large items which can be rolled onto the bed of the trailer.

7. Chris Burnside Vehicle Design -- MPT 2.4x1.2x1 m (LxWxH).5 m ground clearance, but can be increased with a larger set of wheels if desired Main structural elements are: (2) 2.4x.028x.1 m (2) 1.2x.028x.1 m Structure Weight Main structure = 60 Kg Other weight ~ 60 Kg Total weight ~120 Kg

8. Chris Burnside ATV – All Terrain Vehicle Should have 2 vehicles going to Mars 100 Km range Methanol combustion Short-range excursions C a n c e l l e d ! !

9. Chris Burnside Com and Navigation Satellite (ERV) Communication bouncing off the ERV to Base and/or Earth. Short-wave radio is good backup for limited bandwidth (>200 bps). A typical modem is 56000 bps. Inertial and satellite navigation are primary, but either can function without the other. Base has an emergency beacon which can be picked-up by the rover using a handheld directional antenna. (Simple pulse of high power short-wave radio).

10. Chris Burnside Communications

11. Chris Burnside Science Schedule Long Range and Short Range Science goals Rotate excursion teams about every 15 days Local Science teams is analyzing data from previous long range sortie Cataloging and book work of the excursion Debriefings and Mission updates from Earth Making recommendations for future sites and future crews from Earth Hab maintenance and upkeep

12. Chris Burnside Science Schedule 4 Main areas of Mars Research Search for Water Information from Long Range science, and balloons Search for Life Information from Excavation and Long Range science Construction Methods Building Bricks, mixing mortar, cement, Observation of Greenhouse structure for material fatigue, Equipment testing for future workers, site planning and management research Life Sciences How living on Mars and in deep space affects us Psychological damage, treatment and/or prevention

13. Chris Burnside Science Equipment List of equipment needed is way beyond what I can even guess. Hundreds of people are going to debate this issue until the first colonies are established. Computers, Microscopes, electron microscopes, mass spectrometry equipment, plant biology equipment, drilling equipment, ovens, lab utensils (beakers, test tubes, hoses, clamps), sample isolation containers, chemicals, rock saw, X-ray diffraction machine, scales, Sample containers, etc. Working Mass ~ 1500 Kg.

14. Chris Burnside Science Equipment Tools for fixin’ things Things are going to break so we need lots of tools and spare material to fix it Hammers, saws, aluminum stock, sets of screw drivers, torches, rivet machine, pumps, screws, bolts, tape, grease, power tools

15. Chris Burnside Science Experiments which can be performed Chemical composition via mass spectrometry Volatile gases contained in the samples (what is and was the Martian atmosphere made of.) Search for microfossils with microscopes and electron microscopes Soil processing for greenhouse plants Meteorological sciences

16. Chris Burnside Robotic Exploration Size Gondola 1x1x1 m cube Balloon 24 m 27 Kg of Hydrogen per balloon Total weight ~37 Kg At this size we can take a lot of balloons Want to take a dozen balloons and launch one every 45 days Reasonable life span of 25 days