1. D1 - 04/10/2015 Present document contains informations proprietary to France Telecom. Accepting this document means for its recipient he or she recognizes the confidential nature of its content and his or her engagement not to reproduce it, not to transmit it to a third party, not to reveal its content and not to use it for commercial purposes without previous FTR&D written consent. An operator's view on NGN: commonalities and differences with the Internet ITU-T Workshop on NGN – Geneva, 9-10 July 2003 Bruno Chatras (France Telecom R&D)

2. France Telecom R&D D2 - 04/10/2015 Which Internet are we talking about ?  Internet as a widespread multi-service technology (mainly based on IETF & W3C standards). Or  Internet as a fully open network of interconnected networks, and a philosophy where networks are almost dumb and where the intelligence resides at the edge.

3. France Telecom R&D D3 - 04/10/2015 Internet as a technology for the NGN  Clear benefits  Large economies of scales due to the widespread deployment of the technology  Multi-services technology -> Cost saving in both CAPEX and OPEX  Cross-fertilisation of Internet services and telecommunication services naturally enabled  Large community of application developers  Barriers to carrier-grade deployments  An overall architecture is missing  Interoperability between vendors is still a major issue  Key concerns not fully addressed (charging, service interactions...)

4. France Telecom R&D D4 - 04/10/2015 Internet as a philosophy for the NGN  A good point: Forces the telecommunication industry to rethink the distribution of intelligence...  But can’t be applied too literally:  Things that currently happen with the Internet, should no longer happen with the NGN! E.g. Call Forwarding activation status lost when a new software release is loaded on the end-user host.  Most end users quickly tired of loading applications/patches themselves and/or troubleshooting problems. On the contrary, most users would pay for the complexity being handled for them... Today, people are ready to accept limited inconvenience because they have their PSTN line as a backup solution! This will no longer be true in case of full migration to the IP technology

5. France Telecom R&D D5 - 04/10/2015 From the Internet to the NGN Internet Technology High speed access Basic Operators requirements Managed IP Networks Next GenerationN etworks Valued Added Services Building Blocks  A significant effort in that direction has already been done by 3GPP and PacketCable

6. France Telecom R&D D6 - 04/10/2015 Main operators’ requirements  NGN standards should build on IETF/W3C standards to provide support for:  Network Reliability  Network Integrity  User Privacy and data protection  Charging and Usage metering  Signalling Information Screening at network boundaries  Emergency Telecommunications, Lawful interception and other legal obligations  Seamless interworking with legacy networks  End-to-end guaranteed QoS and bandwidth  Generalized mobility accross access networks Interoperability between network elements and network domains AND

7. France Telecom R&D D7 - 04/10/2015 Interoperability: The danger sign is on!  Increasing number of elements/interfaces involved in the support and delivery of services  Increasing number of competing protocols/variants One of the key characteristics of the NGN is the availability of open interfaces: A major standardization effort is required to make the concept a reality !

8. France Telecom R&D D8 - 04/10/2015 Interoperability Today: Too many tools for doing almost the same job !  Controlling PSTN Gateways  Which base protocol? MGCP or H.248  Which profile ? MSF, Q.1950, TGCP,...  Accessing a user profile  DIAMETER (which application/AVPs ?)  LDAP (which information structure ?)  Controlling access gates between IP networks  COPS (which PIB structure ?)  SNMP (which MIB structure ?)  H.248 (which profile ?) ....

9. France Telecom R&D D9 - 04/10/2015 Interoperability: The SIP example  Lack of interoperability is known to be one of the major brakes on large scale SIP deployments.  Too many competing profiles are already available, with slightly different scopes: Q.1912.SIP, 3GPP, MSF Profile, Packet Cable, ETSI TIPHON,...  The number of profile specifications should be kept limited (e.g. one per NGN service capability set)  Profile specifications should be (at least) as precise as for 3GPP IMS (i.e. a list of supported methods and headers is not sufficient to ensure interoperability). TODAY TOMORROW

10. France Telecom R&D D10 - 04/10/2015 From the Internet to the NGN Internet Technology High speed access Basic Operators requirements Managed IP Networks Next GenerationN etworks Valued Added Services Building Blocks

11. France Telecom R&D D11 - 04/10/2015 Intelligence at the edge or in the network? Intelligence from the network where appropriate The NGN View Intelligence pushed at the edge The Internet View Intelligence centralized in the network The Telephony View

12. France Telecom R&D D12 - 04/10/2015 Intelligence from the network where appropriate...  QoS guaranteed multimedia session set-up  Identification and Authentication  Directory services / Address Book  Presence and Availability Management  Location Management  Unified Messaging  Secure payment  Even though answering machines are cheap, network-based voice messaging services are getting more and more popular... A major issue: Service Interaction Management

13. France Telecom R&D D13 - 04/10/2015 Service Interaction: An ever increasing complexity!  Increasing number of service execution points  Proxies, End User devices, Application Servers, Gateways, Media servers...  Increasing number of service control mechanisms  Interactions between SIP-based services, between SIP- based services and IN or Parlay-based services, between SIP-based services and Web services...  New actors involved in service creation  Web application developers, 3rd party service providers, end users,...

14. France Telecom R&D D14 - 04/10/2015 Service Interactions  A difficult issue, which has never been properly tackled by standards  A major standardization effort is required to define basic mechanisms for handling:  feature precedence and feature compatibility  information exchange between service features  Such mechanisms should work in a highly distributed environment and should not be bound to a particular service control protocol or API.

15. France Telecom R&D D15 - 04/10/2015 Conclusions  The NGN will build on the Internet technology rather than on its basic philosophy  Technical roadblocks to provide carrier-grade services and enable operational deployments remain to be abolished  To make the NGN a reality, standards are primarily required to:  Define an overall architecture that selects appropriate IETF/W3C building blocks, adds the missing pieces and the glue that will bind them together to make a reliable and profitable network !  Ensure interoperability between major network elements and between network domains