2. P I C T O R I A L M O D E R N I S M 1900 - 1940

3. affected by modern art movements altered by communication needs of two world wars. Poster Designers influenced by Cubism and Constructivism. Created a balance between communicating persuasively with the general public as well as making exciting imagery. Cubism Twentieth century art movement in which subject matter was separated into cubes and other geometric forms. Constructivism A Russian art movement, fully established by 1921, that was dedicated to nonobjective means of communication. The culmination of the European poster C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S

4. Lucian Bernhard Entered a poster contest for Priester matches. 1883 - 1972 Advanced the visual poster to a process of simplification and reduction of naturalism into graphic language of shape and sign. Established approach to the poster of using flat color shapes, the product name, and the product image.

5. Lucian Bernhard Priester poster 1905 Priester Communication is reduced to one word and two matches. Color becomes the visual means to project a powerful message with minimal information.

6. Plakatstil (poster style) The reductive, flat color design school (body of designers) that emerged in Germany in the early twentieth century

7. Stiller Lucian Bernhard, 1912

8. Hans Rudi Erdt, 1911

9. U Boats Out! Hans Rudi Erdt, U Boats Out!, 1916 Poster reached its zenith as a medium of communication during World War I.

10. Hans Rudi Erdt, U Boats Out!, 1916 Poster reached its zenith as a medium of communication during World War I. Printing technologies had been perfected. Radio had not yet come into prominence. Governments used posters as propaganda. Public morale needed to be boosted. Armies needed to be recruited.

11. Julius Gipkens, poster for an exhibition of captured airplanes, 1917 Stark graphic shapes project boldly against a white field. A symbolic eagle sits triumphantly upon the red, white, and blue destroyed icon of captured allied aircraft.

12. Alfred Leete, 1914James Montgomery Flagg, 1917

13. Ludwig Hohlwein, early 1940’s

14. Allies approach to propaganda was more illustrative. Joseph C. Leyendecker Poster celebrating a successful bond drive 1917 Promotes patriotism on all levels of society

15. AFTER THE WAR… Strong belief in the machine and technology was recognized in the expression of art and design. Technical, machine made, and industrial forms became an Important design resource. Cubist ideas of spatial organization and synthetic imagery Inspired new directions in pictorial imagery. Post-Cubist pictorial modernism

16. Fernand Leger, The City 1919

17. E. McKnight Kauffer 1890 - 1954 American born. Incorporated cubism into his designs. Moved to Europe after negative response to cubism in the states.

18. Posters for the London Underground, 1924

19. A.M. Cassandre 1901-1968 Produced a series of posters that helped revitalize French advertising art. Bold, simple designs emphasize two- dimensionality, and are composed of broad simplified planes of color. Reduced subjects to iconographic symbols. 1925Poster for the Paris Newspaper L’Intansigeant

20. Constructed on a rectangle echoing the rectangle of the posters edges. Exaggerating the scale difference between ship and tug boat, displays a monolithic quality used to signify strength and safety. 1931

21. Austin Cooper Poster for the Southern Railroad, undated - Operates symbolically for visual communications purposes. Fragments of images and bright color convey fun and excitement. Lively movement is achieved by shifting planes, sharp angles, and the superimposition of lettering and images Austin Cooper

22. Across the Alps… Herbert Matter 1935 Swiss designer Pioneered extreme contrasts in scale, and the integration of black and white photography, symbols, and color areas.

23. Travel poster for Switzerland, 1934 The angular shift conveys a sense of movement appropriate to winter sports. A screen tint under the large head introduces a skin tone, while the airbrushed color around the crosses is red, the sky area is a pale blue.

24. Paula Scher, 1985

25. Walter Herdeg Poster for St. Moritz,1936 Light and shadow create a dynamic, angular composition conveying the thrills of skiing. The trademark sun becomes part of the photograph Created designs through the selection and cropping of photographic images

26. To the future… Joseph Binder

27. Review 1 - Bernhard scores with Priester. 2 - The poster goes to war. 3 - Designers go Cubic …er, Cubist. 4 - Swiss Mr. Matter collages photos, illustration, and typography.

29. Project Create a dynamic poster to communicate a new take on an exciting travel trip/destination/location to the average American. You want to create an interesting image that will entice the viewer to be a part of the experience. Document size 10” x 15” horizontal or vertical. Must be 150 dpi. (resolution) You may scan photographs that you have taken for your design. Use one word in your design Include graphic elements (geometric, free form shapes, lines) Use flat color. Incorporate Contrast and a clear hierarchy of elements. Final version should be created in Illustrator. Make thumbnail sketches of your ideas? Think about the colors being incorporated into your design. Think about the structure to your design. Simplify – “Less is more”

30. Schulz-Neudamm Poster for the film Metropolis, 1926