1. Input/ Output By Mohit Sehgal

2. What is Input/Output of a Computer? Connection with Machine Every machine has I/O (Like a function) In computing, input/output, or I/O, refers to the communication between an information processing system (such as a computer), and the outside world possibly a human, or another information processing system.

3. Keyboard Uses an arrangement of buttons or keys, to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches.

4. Mouse Pointing device that functions by detecting two-dimensional motion relative to its supporting surface

5. Types of I/O Interrupt I/O Programmed I/O DMA I/O (Direct Memory Access)

6. Interrupt I/O In computing, an interrupt is an asynchronous signal indicating the need for attention or a synchronous event in software indicating the need for a change in execution.

7. Interrupt I/O CPU does not need to wait I/O Module interrupts when it is ready

8. Programmed I/O Method of transferring data between the CPU and a peripheral such as a network adapter or an ATA storage device Happens when software running on the CPU uses instructions that access I/O address space

9. Programmed I/O CPU has control over the I/O Downfall: Uses a lot of CPU time

10. Direct Memory Access I/O Refers to data transfers initiated by a device to access system memory Allows certain hardware subsystems within the computer to access system memory for reading and/or writing independently of the central processing unit

11. DMA I/O DMA controller takes over from CPU for I/O DMA takes the load from the CPU

12. Input/ Output Process CPU checks I/O module device status I/O then returns its status CPU requests data transfer if I/O is ready I/O module gets data from device Transfers it to CPU Output

14. Input Output I/O are getting more advanced Now I/O are doing the entire transfer This takes the strain off of CPU

15. Future of I/O