1. National Parks Loch Lomond Caringorms

2. Aims  For any named Upland Glaciated area or a National Park  Describe the environmental/land use conflicts which may arise.  Describe how these conflicts are solved by the National Park Authority

3. Back ground – National Parks  1950s A decade of new National Parks for the nation The first ten National Parks are designated starting with the Peak District in 1951. By the end of the decade the Lake District, Snowdonia, Dartmoor, Pembrokeshire Coast, North York Moors, Yorkshire Dales, Exmoor, Northumberland and Brecon Beacons National Parks have been established.  This 1995 National Park Authorities become independent bodies within local government.  2005 New additions to the family The new millennium brings two Scottish National Parks – Cairngorms and Loch Lomond and the Trossachs, created by the National Parks (Scotland) Act 2000. In 2005, the New Forest finally joins the National Park ‘family’.

4. The UK National Parks  Order of National Parks designation  Peak District - 1951  Lake District - 1951  Snowdonia - 1951  Dartmoor - 1951  Pembrokeshire Coast - 1952  North York Moors - 1952  Yorkshire Dales - 1954  Exmoor - 1954  Northumberland - 1956  Brecon Beacons - 1957  The Broads - 1989  Loch Lomond & The Trossachs - 2002  Cairngorms - 2003  The New Forest - 2005

5. Why is there a need for national parks?  Increased affluence of the population.  Greater leisure time.  Improvements in personal mobility.  Global communications.  Increasing population – urban sprawl.  Changing tourism.

6. What do National Parks do?  The National Parks (Scotland) Act 2000 sets out the four aims of National Parks in Scotland. These are:  To conserve and enhance the natural and cultural heritage  To promote the sustainable use of the natural resources of the area  To promote understanding and enjoyment (including enjoyment in the form of recreation) of the special qualities of the area by the public; and  To promote sustainable social and economic development of the communities of the area.

7. The Cairngorms – Conservation!!  4 of Scotland’s highest mountains.  One of Europe’s last wilderness areas.  Unique arctic and alpine species.  Ospreys and Golden Eagles.  Home to 25% of UK’s threatened bird, animal and plant species.  Various designations, SSSI, NSA’s.  Finest collection of glacial landforms in UK.  Rich Cultural Heritage.

8. The Cairngorms – Under Pressure  Large increases in visitor numbers all year round.  Has resulted in conflicts between those wanting to expand tourism and those wanting to conserve the area.

9. Winter Sports  Demand for better ski infrastructure V’s visual and environmental impact.  Solution Funicular Railway. Visitor management plan. ForAgainst 40% business’s rely on tourism Visual impact Skiers bring in £12 million Intrusion on wilderness 350 local jobsWalkers, Climbers, Cross country skiers. Less rural depopulation All year round tourism

10. Loch Lomond National Park

11. Loch Lomond – Conservation?  More than 70% of Scotland's population live less than an hour's travel time from Loch Lomond & The Trossachs.  720 sq miles (1,865 sq km) of some of the finest scenery in Scotland.  There are 20 Munros (mountains above 3,000ft) in the Park and the highest is Ben More at 1,174m.  There are 22 larger lochs, with numerous smaller lochs and lochans.  About 50 rivers and large burns.  Ospreys and Golden Eagles.

13. Tourist related Conflicts Local ResidentsEnvironmentalists/National Park Authority FarmersTourists

14. Local ResidentsEnvironmentalists/National Park Authority FarmersTourists Litter especially in Luss, on beaches and on the islands. Traffic Related issues (Luss) Inconsiderate parking. Noise and pollution. Rising House Prices Seasonal Tourism Trespassing – Luss Anti Social Behaviour – Luss Litter Footpath erosion – West Highland Way, Ben Lomond. Increasing access to fragile environments especially the islands. Camp Fires. Trespassing irresponsibly. Gates open Leaving Litter. Scaring animals especially pregnant sheep. Active versus passive tourists. Mountain bikers versus walkers.

15. Water based conflicts Jet SkiersWater SkiersCanoeists KayakersFishermenFerry’s Speed BoatsSwimmersCruise Boats Sea PlaneSailing Dinghy's Divers

16. Jet SkiersWater SkiersCanoeists KayakersFishermenFerry’s Speed BoatsSwimmersCruise Boats Sea PlaneSailing Dinghy's Divers

17. Solutions  Large car park at Luss  NPA – Bye Laws  Ranger service – empty bins twice daily in Luss.  No bins provided on beaches.  Education.  Interpretation boards.  Creation of Honey pots – Luss and Balloch.  Loch Lomond Shores visitor centre.  Affordable Housing.