1. Torsten Braun, Universität Bern braun@iam.unibe.ch, cds.unibe.ch
ICT LEIT in H2020 Info Day & International Brokerage Event Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Torsten Braun, Universität Bern
cds.unibe.ch
Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is a new paradigm for the Future Internet. Routing of packets is based on identifiers of information objects instead of host identifiers such as IP addresses. The talk will introduce ICN and show how ICN can be extended towards Service-Centric Networking (SCN), where the network is not only considered for retrieving static content such as documents or videos, but can also provide dynamic services, e.g., computation, multimedia streaming, data aggregation. Another emerging networking technology is Software-Defined Networking (SDN), which separates the control and data plane.
We discuss how SDN and ICN can complement each other and introduce the concept of Software-Defined Service-centric Networking (SDSN). SDSN does not only offer a well-defined API for network device management but extends the API towards management of (in-network) services. We will discuss potential applications of SDSN such as multimedia conferencing and the design of an distributed architecture of the future smart grid.

2. Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Future Internet
The current Internet is based on principles of the 1960s with the main purpose to interconnect large computers.
Today, Internet users are mainly interested in retrieving content and accessing services.
Increasing bandwidth demand due to
(personalized) multimedia data streams
Cloud computing and storage, visualization on (mobile / high-resolution) end systems
Large data sets from measurements and scientific experiments
Internet of Things, Internet of Services, …
New approaches, e.g., Information-Centric Networking (ICN), Software-Defined Networking (SDN), need more research, development, testing etc.
Koc University, December 6, 2013

3. Traditional Web Retrieval / Web Services
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Traditional Web Retrieval / Web Services
search engine /
service registry
web server /
web service
DNS server
user’s end system
Koc University, December 6, 2013

4. Information-Centric Networking (ICN)
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Information-Centric Networking (ICN)
Naming of content rather than hosts/interfaces
Content independent of devices that store it
Naming is location independent (receiver mobility support !)
Receivers (subscribers) request content.
Senders (publishers) advertise and deliver content.
Receivers and senders
do not have to be aware of each other
are decoupled in time
Example: Content-Centric Networking (CCN)
Koc University, December 6, 2013

5. Content-Centric Networking (CCN)
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Content-Centric Networking (CCN)
Combination of content lookup and message routing
Idea: describe the user’s interests in the message header, but not where to get it.
Messages (using XML encoding)
Interest: content name, selector
Data: content name, signature (info), data
Hierarchical content names
Example: /unibe.ch/braun/lecture/os/
Related Projects
NDN = Named Data Networking,
CCNx = open source software reference implementation for CCN,
Van Jacobson, Diana K. Smetters, James D. Thornton, Michael F. Plass, Nicholas H. Briggs, and Rebecca L. Braynard: Networking named content, 5th international conference on Emerging networking experiments and technologies (CoNEXT '09). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1-12.
V. Jacobson, D. K. Smetters, J. D. Thornton, M. F. Plass, N. H. Briggs, R. L. Braynard (PARC), “Networking Named Content”, CoNEXT 2009
Koc University, December 6, 2013

6. Content Distribution with ICN/CCN
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Content Distribution with ICN/CCN
/unibe.ch/braun/lecture/os/ 1 2 3
Interest / Data 4 5 6 7
Koc University, December 6, 2013

7. Service-Centric Networking (SCN)
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Service-Centric Networking (SCN)
Extension of content-centric networking to support services, possibly operating on content.
Description of a service using content naming scheme, e.g., /google.com/file-service
Services are provided by service elements.
Service request (response) in Interest (Data) message
Goals
Reducing delay for providing services
Minimizing network bandwidth for service access
Load balancing
Braun, T.; Hilt, V.; Hofmann, M.; Rimac, I.; Steiner, M.; Varvello, M.: Service-Centric Networking, 2011 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC), pp.1-6, Kyoto, 5-9 June 2011
Koc University, December 6, 2013

8. Target Services Supported by SCN
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Target Services Supported by SCN
Infrastructure services, e.g., deploy / find / use cloud computing and storage services
Client-oriented services, e.g., web services
Continuous content retrieval and streaming services, e.g., A/V conferencing, streaming
Event services, e.g., sensor or stocks data
In-network services, e.g., (sensor) data aggregation and filtering
Location-based services
Koc University, December 6, 2013

9. Service-Centric Network
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Service-Centric Network
SCN router
Service request / response
Koc University, December 6, 2013

10. SCN Objects function1 read read function2 content data content data
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
SCN Objects
function1
read
read
function2
content
data
content
data
function1
function3
function2
1: Content Object
2: Service Object
3: Content/Service Object
Koc University, December 6, 2013

11. Example: Real-time Audio Conferencing
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Example: Real-time Audio Conferencing
Sent audio
data
Echo
cancellation
Trans-coding
Mixing
Received audio data
Procedure
Client sends request to echo cancellation service with pointers to generated and received audio (the latter can be the source of the received audio)
Echo cancellation service starts
Koc University, December 6, 2013

12. Example: Real-Time Audio Conferencing Service
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Example: Real-Time Audio Conferencing Service
/echocancel
/transcode
/mix/todaysconf
/transcode
/john/audiostream_original
/mix/todaysconf
/mix/todaysconf
/mix/todaysconf/audiostream
/john/audiostream_ec
/john/audiostream_trans
/john/audiotool
/echocancel
/transcode
/mix/todaysconf
main
main
main
main
write
read
write
read
write
read
write
read
generated
audio
echo-cancelled
audio
transcoded
audio
mixed audio
/john/audiostream _original
/john/
audiostream_ec
/john/audiostream _trans
/mix/todaysconf/
audiostream
Koc University, December 6, 2013

13. Software Defined Networking (SDN)
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Software Defined Networking (SDN)
(centralized) control
smart, slow
API to data plane, e.g., OpenFlow
dumb, fast
switches
Koc University, December 6, 2013

14. Business Applications
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
SDN Architecture
Application Layer
Business Applications
API
API
API
Control Layer
SDN
Control
Software
Network Services
Infrastructure Layer
Network Device
Koc University, December 6, 2013

15. Service-Defined Service-centric Networking (SDSN)
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Service-Defined Service-centric Networking (SDSN)
Services might be composed out of multiple atomic services.
Single service request can be considered as service program involving atomic services from different servers.
Service mapper
identifies servers to provide atomic services
calls atomic services by service requests
may combine results into a single service response to the requester
Analogy between Software-Defined Networks and SCN: separation of control and forwarding
→ Software-Defined Service-Centric Networking (SDSN)
SDSN could provide API to service developers to define services, SDSN then programs the network to provide requested services.
Torsten Braun, Andreas Mauthe, Vasilios Siris: Service-Centric Networking Extensions,
28th ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, Coimbra, Portugal, March , 2013
Koc University, December 6, 2013

16. SDSN Operation Service Elements Service Mapper Network Device
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
SDSN Operation
SDSN can use SDN
to establish flows between clients and discovered service entities (service discovery by Interest / Data)
to set up a SDSN overlay network T E M SM
Service Elements
Service Mapper
Network Device
Koc University, December 6, 2013

17. SDSN and SDN Devices Service Mapper API SDSN Interface SDN Interface
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
SDSN and SDN Devices
API
Service Mapper
SDSN
Interface
SDN
Interface
Service Element
Service Processing
Network Device
ICN/CCN
ICN/CCN
Routing & Switching
Routing & Switching
Koc University, December 6, 2013

18. ICN/SDN in Smart Grid Energy Router Controllers of energy sources /
Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
ICN/SDN in Smart Grid
Energy Router
Controllers
of energy
sources /
consumers
Control
Energy
sources /
consumers
Energy switch
Koc University, December 6, 2013

19. Torsten Braun: Information-Centric and Software-Defined Networking
Conclusions
SDN is being used as network management technology so far and its potential has not been exploited.
ICN/CCN as promising Future Internet paradigm
SDSN as generalization of SDN and ICN towards services: Configuration of both network devices and service elements
SDSN as enabler for an Internet of Services, Internet of Things, etc.
Open ıssues
Securıty
Energy effıcıency
Koc University, December 6, 2013