1. Fish From Myxini to Dipnoi Jennifer Zhang & Larry Wang http://www.tcomer.faculty.defiance.edu/finding_nemo800x600.jpg

2. Phylum Phylum Chordata Major clades: –Myxini (hagfishes) –Cephalaspidomorphi (lampreys) –Chondrichthyes (sharks, rays) –Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) –Actinistia (coelacanths) –Dipnoi (lungfishes) http://images.psxextreme.com/wallpapers/psp/Finding_Nemo_2.jpg

3. Sample Species HagfishHagfish Sea lampreySea lamprey Great white shark, sting rayGreat white shark, sting ray Clownfish, sea horse, angel fish, tunaClownfish, sea horse, angel fish, tuna CoelacanthCoelacanth LungfishLungfish www.popartuk.com/g/l/lgvca007+finding-nemo

4. Lamprey (Cephalaspidomorphi) Hagfish (Myxini) Angelfish (Actinopterygii) Sting ray (Chondrichthyes) Coelacanths (Actinistia) Lungfish (Dipnoi) www.cnsweb.org www.zoology.ubc.ca/labs/biom aterials/slime.html www.tropicalfish.at profile.myspace.com www.elasmo-research.org scienceblogs.com

5. Body Cavity All phyla are coelomatesAll phyla are coelomates Fluid filled body cavity called a coelomFluid filled body cavity called a coelom Complete lining developed from the mesodermComplete lining developed from the mesoderm gregfilm.blogspot.com

6. Body Symmetry Body Symmetry:Bilateral www.perfect-party-ideas.com

7. Nervous System Well developed nervous systemWell developed nervous system Possess central nervous system consisting of brain and spinal cordPossess central nervous system consisting of brain and spinal cord CNS functions to control muscle movements and maintain homeostasisCNS functions to control muscle movements and maintain homeostasis www.dan-dare.org

8. Sensory Possess highly developed sensory organsPossess highly developed sensory organs Possess specialized chemoreceptors resulting in good sense of smell and tastePossess specialized chemoreceptors resulting in good sense of smell and taste Many have eyes with color visionMany have eyes with color vision Lateral line system (microscopic organs) allows fish to detect vibrations and currentsLateral line system (microscopic organs) allows fish to detect vibrations and currents Some fish can detect electric currentsSome fish can detect electric currents www.freerepublic.com

9. Gills located on either side of pharynx Made up of filaments which are networks of capillaries that allow gas exchange Blood in the capillaries flows in the opposite direction of the water Push oxygen poor water out of gills Some fish have lungs and can breathe air Respiratory System

10. Circulatory System Closed circulatory system (+open for myxini)Closed circulatory system (+open for myxini) –Blood closed to within vessels at all times Blood travels: heart  gills  rest of body  heart.Blood travels: heart  gills  rest of body  heart. Blood flows to gills through the aortaBlood flows to gills through the aorta Two chambered heart, four parts:Two chambered heart, four parts: www.sflorg.com mkeamy.typepad.com

11. Food is ingested through mouth Digestion begins in esophagus Stomach breaks down food further Many fishes have pouches called cyloric caeca to further aid in digestion Intestine completes the process underwatermedia.wordpress.com Digestive System

12. Excretory System Release nitrogenous wastes as ammoniaRelease nitrogenous wastes as ammonia Wastes can diffuse through the gills into surroundingsWastes can diffuse through the gills into surroundings Kidneys also control the amount of ammonia in their bodiesKidneys also control the amount of ammonia in their bodies Saltwater fish lose water due to osmosis.Saltwater fish lose water due to osmosis. –Kidneys concentrate wastes returning as much water as possible back to the body Freshwater fish gain water continuouslyFreshwater fish gain water continuously –Kidneys pump out large amounts of dilute urine www.startedbyamouse.com

13. Musculature/Locomotion Possess muscles that function in locomotionPossess muscles that function in locomotion Swim by exerting force against waterSwim by exerting force against water Contract sets of muscles on sides of body alternatelyContract sets of muscles on sides of body alternately Generate S-shaped waves of flexion that move down the bodyGenerate S-shaped waves of flexion that move down the body Move forward to force exerted backwardsMove forward to force exerted backwards Swimmer bladders (gases) and liver (oil helps keep fish afloat)Swimmer bladders (gases) and liver (oil helps keep fish afloat) www.soundtrackcollector.com

14. Skeletal Type Three main components:Three main components: –spine –the skull –Appendicular skeleton Notocord: flexible rod that provides skeletal support throughout body/ provides muscles something to work against when swimmingNotocord: flexible rod that provides skeletal support throughout body/ provides muscles something to work against when swimming Composition includes cartilageComposition includes cartilage www.amazonsellercommunity.com [

15. Reproduction Sexual reproduction-lay eggs! Some are hermaphrodites Have ovaries and testes Larval stage (except myxini) Oviparous –Eggs released outside mother’s body Ovoviviparous –Fertilized eggs are retained in oviduct Viviparous –Young develop in the uterus www.theanimationblog.com

16. Miscellaneous Miscellaneous In the world of molecular systematics there is no such thing as fish (some are genetically more related to mammals than other scaled aquatic chordates)In the world of molecular systematics there is no such thing as fish (some are genetically more related to mammals than other scaled aquatic chordates) Most lampreys are parasitic and feed off live fish by clamping on to them with their jawless mouth.Most lampreys are parasitic and feed off live fish by clamping on to them with their jawless mouth. Sharks don’t have ear drums but sound reaches them through waterSharks don’t have ear drums but sound reaches them through water About 15,000 fish haven't even been identified yet!About 15,000 fish haven't even been identified yet!

17. Quiz What do hagfishes lack that all other fish have? –Vertebrae What nitrogenous chemical do fish secrete? –Ammonia What organ system allows fish to detect vibrations? –Lateral Line System