2. Classification

3. Classification is  The arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities/differences.

4. Why classify?  Helps to make sense of large # of organisms  Example (not living) –Stores, closets, CDs

5. History of Classification  Aristotle (Greek) 2000 years ago –Two groups Animals Plants

6. Animals Plants FungiAnimals Protists Monerans ArchaebacteriaEubacteria

7. Classification of Living Things

8. Carolus Linnaeus  Founded taxonomy –Science of identifying, classifying and naming living things  Swedish physician and botanist, 1700s  Based on similar structures

9. Introduction to Classification

10. Overview of Classification

11. Levels of Classification  Kingdom  Phylum  Class  Order  Family  Genus  Species  King  Phillip  Came  Over  For  Great  Spaghetti

13. Levels of Classification

14. The Process of Classifying

15. Classification Chart of a bottle-nosed dolphin

16. Modern Classification  Also includes –Fossil studies –Hereditary info –Early stages of development  Phylogeny –The evolutionary history

17. Branching Diagrams  Page 162

18. Scientific Names

19. What’s in a Name?  2 part scientific name- Latin or Greek  1 st part –Genus –Always begins with Capital letter  2 nd part –Species –Always begins with lowercase letter  Both parts are underlined or italicized

20. Why do we need scientific names?  So scientists from all over the world know what animal/plant that name refers to –can COMMUNICATE with each other

21. What is this organism called? Woodchuck Groundhog Three common names for one organism! Whistle pig Marmota monax

22. What is this organism? European robin Erithacus rubecula American robin Turdus migratorius

23. Dichotomous Keys  Consists of several pairs of descriptive statements  Have only TWO alternative responses  Used to identify an organism

24. Dichotomous Key

25. Woodland vole Adult weightAdult weight : 0.026 kg (0.0572 lbs) Maximum longevityMaximum longevity : 4 years Female maturity :98 days Gestation : 21 days Weaning : 21 days Litter size : 3 Litters per year : 3 Interval between litters : 26 days Order : Rodentia Family : Muridae Species : Microtus pinetorum

26. Prairie vole Adult weightAdult weight : 0.04 kg (0.088 lbs) Maximum longevityMaximum longevity : 5 years Female maturity :47 days Gestation : 23 days Weaning : 20 days Litter size : 4 Litters per year : 4 Interval between litters : 26 days Order : Rodentia Family : Muridae Species : Microtus ochrogaster

27. White-footed mouse Adult weightAdult weight : 0.023 kg (0.0506 lbs) Maximum longevityMaximum longevity : 8 years Female maturity :73 days Gestation : 26 days Weaning : 22 days Litter size : 5 Litters per year : 4 Interval between litters : 26 days Weight at birthWeight at birth : 0.002 kg (0.0044 lbs) Order : Rodentia Family : Muridae Species : Peromyscus leucopus

28. Order : Rodentia Family : Muridae Species : Peromyscus maniculatus Deer mouse Adult weightAdult weight : 0.021 kg (0.0462 lbs) Maximum longevityMaximum longevity : 8 years Female maturity :49 days Gestation : 24 days Weaning : 22 days Litter size : 5 Litters per year : 3 Interval between litters : 27 days Weight at birthWeight at birth : 0.002 kg (0.0044 lbs)

29. Classification of Living Organisms www.palaeos.com/kingdoms/kingdoms.htm#th ree_domains Three-Domain System www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_domain_sy stem Classification of Living Things www.window.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Life /classification_intro.htmlClassification of Living Things www.window.ucar.edu/tour/link=/earth/Life /classification_intro.html