1. PACKAGING SELECTION Apply Principles of Food Packaging Semester 1 2009

2. ALUMINIUM PACKAGING Is used extensively for the protection, storage and preparation of food & beverages. Aluminium cans Aluminium cans Aluminium foils – wrappers & lids Aluminium foils – wrappers & lids

3. ALUMINIUM PACKAGING ALUMINIUM ATTRIBUTES: Conducts heat extremely well – energy efficient for preparing & serving hot food Conducts heat extremely well – energy efficient for preparing & serving hot food Very light – reduces transport costs Very light – reduces transport costs Non-toxic – imparts no odour or flavour Non-toxic – imparts no odour or flavour Solid aluminium is a barrier to light, air & water Solid aluminium is a barrier to light, air & water Aluminium packages are secure, tamper proof, hygenic and easy to open Aluminium packages are secure, tamper proof, hygenic and easy to open Aluminium cans are 100% recyclable Aluminium cans are 100% recyclable

4. ALUMINIUM FOIL Foil is made by passing coiled aluminium sheet repeatedly between steel rollers, set progressively closer together (10 times) Foil is made by passing coiled aluminium sheet repeatedly between steel rollers, set progressively closer together (10 times) Aluminium foil is used for containers and packaging foods and pharmaceuticals Aluminium foil is used for containers and packaging foods and pharmaceuticals Excellent conductor of heat – bake a potato in foil or insulate your home with it Excellent conductor of heat – bake a potato in foil or insulate your home with it

5. ALUMINIUM PACKAGING Cans used for food & beverages have a polymer coating applied to the inside of the can Cans used for food & beverages have a polymer coating applied to the inside of the can This prolongs the shelf life of product This prolongs the shelf life of product The coating ensures that the acids and salts in the product do not come into contact with the metal The coating ensures that the acids and salts in the product do not come into contact with the metal

6. FACTORS AFFECTING PACKAGING MATERIAL SELECTION The characteristics of food to be packaged The characteristics of food to be packaged Cost/budget available Cost/budget available Packaging machines to be used – can it be packed on existing equipment? Packaging machines to be used – can it be packed on existing equipment? Training – will operators be able to pack it or is further training required? Training – will operators be able to pack it or is further training required?

7. FACTORS AFFECTING PACKAGING MATERIAL SELECTION End use of product eg. Re-sealable, microwave End use of product eg. Re-sealable, microwave Storage & transport needs Storage & transport needs Printability & adhesion of labels Printability & adhesion of labels Environmental impact Environmental impact Safety – eg. tamper proofing Safety – eg. tamper proofing

8. SUITABILITY FOR PURPOSE What must the package achieve? What must the package achieve? What types of package are available that can do this? What types of package are available that can do this? What are the pros and cons for each of the potential types? What are the pros and cons for each of the potential types? What costs will result for each possibility? What costs will result for each possibility?

9. ASSESS NEEDS OF PRODUCT Important facts to gather: Nature of the product – can it deteriorate? Nature of the product – can it deteriorate? Product size Product size Product shape Product shape Product weight Product weight Product density Product density Weaknesses: eg. Break, bend, crush, scuff Weaknesses: eg. Break, bend, crush, scuff

10. ASSESS NEEDS OF PRODUCT Strengths: which parts will withstand loads Strengths: which parts will withstand loads The effect of moisture and temperature changes on product The effect of moisture and temperature changes on product Which components need to be packed separately Which components need to be packed separately See table handout See table handout

11. COST & ECONOMICS The question of cost must not be allowed to compromise the desired quality standards. Two components to be considered: A) Packaging material prices A) Packaging material prices B) Machinery cost (if new needed) B) Machinery cost (if new needed)

12. COST & ECONOMICS Cost elements in food packaging: Packaging material cost Packaging material cost Storage and handling costs of the empty packages eg. Warehouse & delivery Storage and handling costs of the empty packages eg. Warehouse & delivery Filling cost, including QA & handling Filling cost, including QA & handling Storage costs of the filled packages Storage costs of the filled packages Transport cost of delivering filled packages Transport cost of delivering filled packages Losses due to breakage, spoilage, damage Losses due to breakage, spoilage, damage

13. SHELF LIFE & PRESERVATION Packaging materials can protect against: Moisture Moisture Oxygen Oxygen Light Light Heat Heat Impact Impact More details next week

14. CONSUMER SAFETY What is a “tamper proof” seal? What is a “tamper proof” seal? Indicates that the product has not been opened, ie. It has remained sealed, since it was filled by the manufacturer. Indicates that the product has not been opened, ie. It has remained sealed, since it was filled by the manufacturer. Have been cases of sabotage in the past. Have been cases of sabotage in the past. Look for examples of tamper proof seals in advertising brochures Look for examples of tamper proof seals in advertising brochures

15. TAMPER EVIDENT SEALS Generally plastic or foil eg, lids which twist open or peel back Generally plastic or foil eg, lids which twist open or peel back Need to “break the seal” in order to access the product Need to “break the seal” in order to access the product Often accompanied by a warning not to use if seal is broken Often accompanied by a warning not to use if seal is broken

16. MARKETING FACTORS See handout table 1.7 p.15 See handout table 1.7 p.15 Complete questions Activity 4 Complete questions Activity 4

17. SPECIFICATIONS Follow a standard format Follow a standard format Designed to describe the packaging to be applied to a product in detail Designed to describe the packaging to be applied to a product in detail Used for QA testing & reference Used for QA testing & reference Must consider the product assessment Must consider the product assessment As with all Quality system documents, must be clear to follow and controlled eg. Title, “approved by”, date of issue used As with all Quality system documents, must be clear to follow and controlled eg. Title, “approved by”, date of issue used

18. HOMEWORK Simply Tomatoes Simply Tomatoes Case Study Complete “student activities” and bring along to class next week

19. REFERENCES Packaging Council of Australia: www.pca.org.au www.pca.org.au www.pca.org.au Australian Food and Grocery Council: www.afgc.org.au www.afgc.org.au www.afgc.org.au Industry Council for Packaging: www.incpen.org www.incpen.org www.incpen.org