1. Part II Vocabulary: Legal System & Violent Crimes Chapter 1: Law & Science

2. Steps in pursuing justice Police evaluate crime  report  prosecution If probable cause  warrant Arrest  booking  Miranda rights  Arraignment:go before judge enter plea Guilty  judge sentences Not Guilty  judge determines if enough evidence to go to court

3. Steps in pursuit of justice 1.Arrest: may be first or may happen later 2.Booking: photo, fingerprint 3.Arraignment: charges explained, enter plea (guilty or not guilty: 72 hours Guilty: hearing before judge for sentencing Not guilty: evidentiary hearing before judge or before…. 4. Grand jury: decide if there is enough evidence to go to trial. In murder trial always get grand jury 5. Court : trial goes to court

4. Expert witness A specialist in their subject, called to testify in court to present their expert opinion

5. Eyewitness A person who saw the crime happen

6. District Attorney/ Prosecutor Represents the state in court, burden of proof falls on them

7. Defense attorney Defends the accused in court making sure their rights aren’t violated

8. Public defender If you cannot afford an attorney, a public defender is appointed to you

9. Grand Jury If you commit a homicide in Massachusetts, a grand jury decided whether there is enough evidence to go to trial

10. Infraction minor offense, penalty: fine Example: littering, jaywalking, under1ounce of marijuana

11. Misdemeanor Less serious crimes, punishable by no more than 1 year in jail Some examples: Public intoxication, disorderly conduct, vandalism

12. Felony serious crimes, 5 year to life in jail or death penalty in most states Examples: homicide, rape, kidnapping, armed robbery

13. Assault requires no offensive touching but the intentional frightening or threat of battery

14. Battery requires offensive touching

15. Robbery taking of another persons property by force or threat

16. Burglary Breaking and entering property by force or threat

17. Statutory Rape Sex between adult and minor

18. Homicide The unlawful killing of a human being with malice aforethought

19. 1 st degree murder Murder that is deliberate and premeditated

20. 2 nd degree murder Intentional killing that is not premeditated or planned nor committed during the “heat of passion” Killing caused by dangerous conduct and the offender's obvious lack of concern for human life

21. 2 nd degree murder For example, Dan comes home to find his wife in bed with Victor. At a stoplight the next day, Dan sees Victor riding in the passenger seat of a nearby car. Dan pulls out a gun and fires three shots into the car, missing Victor but killing the driver of the car.

22. Voluntary Manslaughter Killing that occurs in the “heat of passion”

23. Involuntary manslaughter Killing of another human being unintentionally