1. 1 UNECE – Transport Division Regional Dimension of Transit Transport Cooperation Eva Molnar, Director, UNECE 3 October 2008, New York City Mid-Term Review of the Implementation of the Almaty Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries

2. 2 UNECE – Transport Division A regional - and increasingly global – centre for international legal instruments The UNECE 57 UNECE international conventions and agreements - Road, rail, inland waterways and intermodal transport 33 UNECE trade facilitation recommendations

3. 3 UNECE – Transport Division Two groups of landlocked countries in the UNECE region Landlocked countries: Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Hungary, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia and Switzerland Landlocked developing countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan

4. 4 UNECE – Transport Division Being Landlocked - Blessing or Curse GDP per Capita at Prices and PPPs of 2005, US$

5. 5 UNECE – Transport Division Free flow of transit transit freedom S drivervehicle cargoinfrastructure B/C and transit proc. businessbusiness ConditionsConditions

6. 6 UNECE – Transport Division Minimum conditions for international mobility – D,V,D Driver –Entry – visa for professional drivers. Boatmasters… –Driving license (special for dangerous goods) –Mutual recognition of driving license –Driving time Vehicle –Entry –Vehicle construction standards and Technical inspection –Size and weight – and mutual recognition of weight certificate Driver and vehicle –Insurance – green card system

7. 7 UNECE – Transport Division Infrastructure: road, railway, combined transport (AGC, AGR, AGTC) Legal frameworks for the development of coherent international infrastructure networks

8. 8 UNECE – Transport Division Minimum conditions for international mobility - Cargo Consignment note, e.g. in roads CMR –e-CMR Customs transit guarantee scheme, e.g. TIR Special cargo – dangerous goods, perishable foodstuff, live animals

9. 9 UNECE – Transport Division Border Crossing Facilitation (TIR Convention) International transport of goods by road without frontier checks Over 3 million TIR carnets used annually

10. 10 UNECE – Transport Division Business conditions for all – Better information flows and documentary controls UN Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business (UN/CEFACT) The only global standard for Electronic Data Interchange UNECE trade facilitation recommendations

11. 11 UNECE – Transport Division In summary: UNECE Legal Instruments Total Number of Contracting Parties to UNECE Transport Legal Instruments Over 1,600 Contracting Parties, growing demand Almost one quarter from outside the UNECE region A solid foundation for any transport system – regional or global

12. 12 UNECE – Transport Division Conclusions To reduce the economic distance of LLDCs 1. Quick fix solutions – joining the existing multi-lateral legal frameworks 2. Short to Medium term solutions - B/C benchmarking - use regional transport planning - implementation monitoring 3. UNECE is your strategic partner

13. 13 UNECE – Transport Division Thank you for your attention! www.unece.org United Nations Economic Commission for Europe