1. Enhancing Pre-AACR2 Records for Chinese-American Scholars Publication: UCSD's Project Jim Cheng (jicheng@ucsd.edu) Shi Deng (sdeng@ucsd.edu) UCSD Libraries

2. The Problem A sample of bibliographic citations given by Prof. Esherick to his students in Modern Chinese History class at UCSD: * Chow, Tse-tsung. The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern China. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1960. * Ho, Ping-ti. Studies on the Population of China, 1368-1953. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959. But, his students complained that by searching the author name, they could not find these books, and when they searched the title, they were not sure if the books were written by the right authors. Also, the students did not know how to make the correct citations for these titles because of the confusing library records.

4. UCSD records before the Enhancement Project Author: Zhou, Cezong, 1916-Zhou, Cezong, 1916- Title: The May fourth movement : intellectual revolution in modern China Published: Cambridge : Harvard University Press, 1960 …… Author: He, BingdiHe, Bingdi Title: Studies on the population of China, 1368-1953 Published: Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1959 ……

5. Discussion of the problem With the faculty, students, and the library staff at the UCSD With the library colleagues on EastLib A list of 32 Chinese American scholars was created in 2005

6. Causes of the problem Missing authorship statement in Pre-AACR2 records Pre-AACR2 records do not require transcription of statement of responsibility (245c) This is OK before Pinyin conversion. Because most forms used in name headings (100/700) are the same as forms used in publication. Pinyin conversion added another layer of complexity Many headings for Chinese-American scholars changed from Wade-Giles to Pinyin that often differ from what is in their publication. Became a major problem for confusion. Inconsistency between UCSD catalog (Roger) and UC union catalog (Melvyl) Some records are still in WG Melvyl doesnt provide authority control

7. Project Planning Quick search of records that are non-Chinese and dont have 245c in our library catalog: 3,499 records with China in subject headings 3,652 records with Chinese in subject headings Not all these publications written by Chinese- American scholars Cant determine if the form used in a name heading (100/700) is the same as it is in his/her book, unless check the book

8. Project focus on 32 authors 374 records were reviewed to determine which one would be taken out of stacks 183 records were in English 169 titles were taken from stacks Among books being taken from stacks 3 records remain no change because no statement of responsibility found on t.p. or anywhere in book 69 records enhanced locally by added 245c (41 DLC) 20 records enhanced on OCLC (12 DLC) –mostly adding Chinese parallel information

9. Name HeadingKnown to facultyChineseVariant formRecords reviewed Records in English Authority Chang, Hao, 1937-Chang, Hao Zhang, Hao72Yes Chang, Hsin-pao, 1922-Chang, Hsin-pao11Yes Han, Suyin, 1917-Han Suyin Comber, Elizabeth Tangm, etc.25 Yes Han, Yu-shan, 1899-1983Han, Yu-shan Han, Yushan11Yes Hao, Yen-ping, 1934-Hao, Yen-ping Hao, Yanping32Yes He, BingdiHo, Ping-ti 105Yes Huang, Han-liang, 1893-Huang, Han-liang11No Jiang, WenhanChiang,Wen-han Kiang, Wen-han21Yes Jiang, XiangzeChiang, Hsiang-tseJiang, Arnold Xiangze; Chiang, Siang-tseh 33Yes Li, Ji, 1896-1979Li, Chi 86Yes Liang, Jingchun, 1890-1984Liang, Ching-chun Liang, Jingdui; Liang, Chin-Tung; Liang, Hejun; etc 53Yes Lin, Yaohua, 1910-Lin, Yueh-hwa Lin, Yao-hua; Lin, Yueh-hua85Yes Lin, Yutang, 1895-1976Lin Yutang 11138Yes Ling, Nai-min 22No Liu, Kwang-Ching, 1921-Liu, Kwang-Ching Liu, Guangjing97Yes Pian, Rulan Chao 33Yes

10. Name HeadingKnown to facultyChineseVariant formRecords reviewed Records in English Authority Qian, Duansheng, 1900-Chien, Tuan-sheng 32Yes Qu TongzuChü Tung-tsu 84Yes Shih, Ch'eng-chih Shi, Chengzhi33No Song, Yingxing, b. 1587Song, Yingxing 31Yes Sun, E-tu Zen, 1921-Sun, E-tu Zen Ren, Yidu; Zen, E-tu; Sun, I-tu Jen; etc. 76Yes Sun, Yat-sen Sun Zhongshan; Sun Wen; Sun, I- hsien, etc. 3715Yes Teng, Ssu-yü, 1906-Teng, Ssu-yü Deng, Siyu; Teng, S.y.1613Yes Ting, Li ???Ting, Li Ding, Li11No Wang, Yeh-chien Wang, Yejian42Yes Xue, Jundu, 1922-Hsüeh, Chün-tu 189Yes Yang, Liansheng, 1914-Yang, Lien-sheng 74Yes Yu, YingshiYü, Ying-shih Yu, Yin-shih414Yes Zhang, TianzeChang, Tien-tse 22Yes Zhang, Zhongli, 1920-Chang, Chung-li 146Yes Zhou, Cezong, 1916-Chou, Tse-tsung Chow, Tse-tsung94Yes Zhou, XiangguangChou, Hsiang-kuang 22Yes

11. Project Process Students did initial search by author, printed records that didnt have 245c or any records in question, and took books out of stacks based on printouts Cataloging review on when to enhance locally or on OCLC Most records only need to add 245c but if on OCLC we would have to convert pre-AACR2 records to AACR2 records Due to limited time and staff, most records enhanced locally 53 out of 92 records that lack 245c are DLC records (57.6%) Project was last about 4 months and completed in Sep.

12. A sample case study: Search results of Chow, Tse-tsung in Google, OCLC/WorldCat, and 5 major academic libraries in North America

13. Google Search Result ( The first 3 of 1,270 retrieved) The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern China... CHOW TSE-TSUNG The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern China Stanford, 1967. Softbound. Good to Very Good, sl underlining. USD 3.88... www.antiqbook.com/boox/tra/049223.shtml - 4k - Cached - Similar pages The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern China...Cached Similar pages BookHq: The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern...... 6 by Chow Tse-Tsung,Chow Tse-Tsung Edition:n/a Pages:486 Book Format:Softcover ISBN:0674557514 Date Published:06/1996 Publisher:Harvard University Press.... www.bookhq.com/compare/0674557514.html - 35k - Supplemental Result - Cached - Similar pages BookHq: The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern...CachedSimilar pages (English Version) Wen-lin: Studies in the Chinese... Edited by Chow Tse-tsung. The first collection of Wen- lin was edited by the... This collection include articles by WACH Dobson, Chow Tse-tsung,... www.cuhk.edu.hk/ics/clrc/wenlin.html - 3k - Cached - Similar pages (English Version) Wen-lin: Studies in the Chinese...CachedSimilar pages

14. OCLC/World Cat Does not provide search of cross-reference headings in WorldCat 19 titles retrieved by searching Chow Tse- tsung 5 titles retrieved by searching Chou Tse- tsung 71 titles retrieved by searching Zhou Cezong

15. 5 Major Academic Libraries All have authority control and reference structure in OPAC that redirect to Zhou, Cezong, 1916- Most of old catalog records dont have 245c for Chow, Tse-Tsung except Harvard

16. LC: has authority control for Chow Tse-tsung, but it not in the record LC Control Number:60010034 Type of Material:Book (Print, Microform, Electronic, etc.) Brief Description: Zhou, Cezong, 1916-Zhou, Cezong, 1916- The May fourth movement: intellectual revolution in modern China. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1960.xv, 486 p. tables. 25 cm. CALL NUMBER:DS775.C5386 1960Copy 1–DS775.C5386 1960 Request in:Jefferson or Adams Bldg General or Area Studies Reading Rms– Status:Not Charged

17. Berkeley : has authority Control for Chow Tse-tsung, but it is not in the record TitleResearch guide to The May fourth movement; intellectual revolution in modern China, 1915-1924. AuthorZhou, Cezong, 1916- Zhou, Cezong, 1916- Place/PublisherCambridge : Harvard University Press, Date1963. Descriptionxi, 297 p. ; 24 cm. SeriesHarvard East Asian series, 13 Harvard East Asian series, 13Harvard East Asian series, NotesAdded title on cover: Wu ssu yun tung yen chiu tzu liao. Subject HeadingsChina -- History -- May Fourth movement, 1919.China -- History -- May Fourth movement, 1919. Other AuthorsChou, Ts`e-tsung, 1916- The May fourth movement. Location(s):Chou, Ts`e-tsung, 1916- The May fourth movement. Location(s) East Asian DS775.C53862 1963 Reading Room Not checked out.

18. Stanford : has authority control for Chow Tse-tsung, but it is not in the record The May fourth movement: intellectual revolution in modern China Zhou, Cezong, 1916- Jump to call number/location/availability Author: Zhou, Cezong, 1916-Zhou, Cezong, 1916- Title: The May fourth movement: intellectual revolution in modern China. Imprint: Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1960. Physical Description: xv, 486 p. tables. 25 cm. Series: (Harvard East Asian studies ; 6)(Harvard East Asian studies ; 6) Note: Added t.p. in Chinese. Notes: Bibliographical references included in "Notes" (p. [391]-456) Subject (LC): China--History--May Fourth movement, 1919.China--History--May Fourth movement, 1919.

19. Columbia : Has authority control for Chow Tse-tsung, but it is not in the record Author:Zhou, Cezong, 1916-Zhou, Cezong, 1916- Title:Research guide to The May fourth movement; intellectual revolution in modern China, 1915-1924. Physical Description:xi, 297 p. 24 cm. Series:Harvard East Asian series ; 13Harvard East Asian series ; 13 Publisher/ Date:Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1963. LC Subjects:China--History--May Fourth movement, 1919.China--History--May Fourth movement, 1919. Material Type:BookLocation (guide):East Asian Call Number:DS775.C53862DS775.C53862 Status:Not checked out

20. Harvard: has authority control for Chow Tse-tsung and it is in the reocrd Author : Zhou, Cezong, 1916- Title : The May Fourth movement : intellectual revolution in modern China / Chow Tse-tsung. Edition : Pbk. ed. Published : Stanford, Calif. : Stanford University Press, 1967, c1960. Locations/Orders : AvailabilityAvailability Location : Quad Library RESERVES DS775.C5386 1967 Holdings AvailabilityHoldingsAvailability Location : Widener Harvard Depository [Consult Circ. Desk for HW0MQV.] Holdings AvailabilityHoldingsAvailability Description : xiii, 486 p. ; 22 cm. Notes : "Originally published in the Harvard East Asian series." Notes : Includes bibliographical references (p. [391]-456) and index. Subject : China -- History -- May Fourth movement, 1919. HOLLIS Number : 005828923

21. Questions / Discussion What options would you have to enhance your local library catalog and improve access to Chinese- American scholars publication? What options would OCLC CJK Users have to make shared efforts to benefit the East Asian studies community as whole, especially libraries using OCLC? More than half of these pre-AACR2 records are DLC records, what are alternative approaches to enhance these records on OCLC? BIBCO CJK User Group shared project OCLC Quality Control

22. Thank You!