1. 1750 – 133 BCE

2. I. Geography Multi-Flow Map Geography of Greece Short mountain ranges cut up the mainland No important rivers Long, irregular coastline Little unity Encouraged fishing and trade Phoenician alphabet spread Separate city states Surrounded by sea

3. II. Early Greeks Developed on the island of Crete Economy based on TRADE Ruins of the Palace of King Minos at Knossos Around this vase are hoplites (foot soldiers) on dolphins, showing the importance of seas A. The Minoans

4. the Palace of King Minos at Knossos

5. B. The Myceneans Conquered Greece and Crete Dominated Aegean trade (MY SUH NEE UNZ) The mask of Agamemnon comes from a grave that dates from around 1600 BCE. Myceneans sometimes put gold masks over significant peoples’ faces.

6. 1. The Trojan War (1250 BCE) War over trade between Greeks and Troy Legend: War over a girl! (Helen) –Trojan prince Paris kidnapped Helen, wife of a Greek king and most beautiful woman on Earth –Greeks went to get her back and left the “Trojan Horse” filled with hidden warriors –Trojan brought it in and Greeks burned the city.

8. 2. Homer He was a blind poet He wrote The I liad AND The Odyssey No! Not THAT Homer!

9. 3. Changes in Warfare Bronze weapons replaced by iron Phalanx- a massive formation of heavily armed foot soldiers

10. Mrs. Agosta’s dad when he was 8 dressed in a traditional Greek uniform.

11. III. The Polis A city-state Acropolis- high part of the city w/ temples

13. Athens

14. A. Athens Democracy- rule by the people Limited democracy- only male landowners could vote Had a Legislature- lawmaking body Direct democracy- citizens directly vote on issues

15. B. Sparta Military state Monarchy: rule by king Sparta

16. Boys began military training at age 7 Girls encouraged to exercise to produce healthy sons Sick kids were abandoned

17. C. Other City States CorinthDelphi

18. IV. Greek Religion Polytheistic Gods and goddesses lived on Mount Olympus Zeus was head of the gods

19. 490 BCE 490 BCE The Greeks beat the Persians at Marathon & sent a man back 26.2 miles to Athens to tell of the victory Asia Minor V. Conflicts A. Persian Wars

20. Ten years later the Greeks unified to defeat Persians again.

21. B. Peloponnesian War 431 BCE Delian League (Athens & its allies) vs. the Peloponnesian League (Sparta and its allies) Persians helped Sparta defeat Athens