1. ACTION 2015 ACTION 2015 ACTION 2015 A World Bank Strategy for Social Development Steen Lau Jørgensen Director, Social Development World Bank Accountability Cohesion Transparency Inclusion Opportunity Now!

2. ACTION 2015 An example from Mchinji, Malawi… In 2002 an illiterate woman took part in a CARE program to train communities how to monitor health services using a community score card: keeping track of drug supplies, and assessing the quality of service by staff. Drugs delivery was a huge problem throughout Malawi She got very good at it… -How many drugs were supplied to the center? -How were given to patients? -How many were available? -How were staff treating patients? Complete turnaround in performance of this health center within 6 months when the score card exercise was repeated Health staff know that they will be evaluated every six months Ministry takes note of the evaluations Change in performance is dramatic

3. ACTION 2015 An example from Mchinji, Malawi… When the program was being introduced to other sectors through the Malawi Social Action Fund this illiterate woman was asked to present it - Clear - Articulate - Powerful The CARE program was expanded throughout Malawi

4. ACTION 2015 ACTION 2015: Three key principles Inclusion: Putting people at the center of development Involved an illiterate woman in Mchinji Cohesion: Strengthening community fabric so that members can work together The village in Mchinji worked together to solve problem Accountability: Developing ways for people to exercise voice to authorities An illiterate woman gave voice to community

5. ACTION 2015 What is ACTION 2015? One illiterate woman A health center - A village A district A national program (first in health then in all sectors) Why not the world? So we can meet the Millennium Development Goals

6. ACTION 2015 Why ACTION 2015?  Global consensus that “social development” matters  Social Development Summit Copenhagen 1995  Millennium Declaration 2000  Johannesburg 2002  Millennium Development Goals challenge us to do more and do it better  Recent World Bank report shows that most will not be met if “business as usual”

7. ACTION 2015 Assets and Capabilities for Poverty Reduction Well-being Poverty reduction Institutions : Human Financial Physical Natural Social Assets Inclusive Cohesive Accountable

8. ACTION 2015 How does the World Bank support ACTION 2015?  Principles  Inclusion. P utting people at the center of development Providing equal access to opportunity  Cohesion. S trengthening communities so people can work together for common objectives and overcome divisions  Accountability. D eveloping ways for people to exercise voice to authorities, and for authorities to respond

9. ACTION 2015 How does the World Bank support ACTION 2015?  Many parts of the Bank contribute:  Social sectors (“Human Development”): health, education, social protection  Public Sector Management, poverty analysis  All these areas have existing strategies, what is missing is the bottom-up, understanding of the informal and formal institutions from the perspective of poor people = “social development” in the World Bank ?=? Human Security

10. ACTION 2015 How does the World Bank support ACTION 2015?  Areas of activity within ACTION 2015:  Social Analysis  Participation and Civic Engagement  Community Driven Development  Conflict Prevention and Reconstruction  Social Safeguards

11. ACTION 2015 How does the World Bank support ACTION 2015?  Social analysis  E.g., what social norms about girls education are relevant for achieving MDGs on girls’ education?  E.g., what is the likely social impact of land reform in Cambodia or Zambia?  How is a country evolving on the principles, i.e. tracking progress on inclusion, cohesion, accountability

12. ACTION 2015 How does the World Bank support ACTION 2015?  Participation and Civil Engagement  In Uganda, support public debates of policy changes proposed through dialogue with World Bank  In Albania, support legal changes in enabling environment for civil society  In Peru support publication of the Budget  In Philippines work on accountability and NGO enabling environment

13. ACTION 2015 How does the World Bank support ACTION 2015?  Participation and Civil Engagement Example:  Through Japan Social Development Fund (JSDF) finance “computer van” in India “I never imagined I would ever work on a computer, which I have often seen on TV. Least of all did I expect to do so in my own village. I now feel I can be as good as any child going to the best school.” Nitin Ajay Karte Student, Grade 6, Chatrapati High School, Bhavani Nagar

14. ACTION 2015 How does the World Bank support ACTION 2015?  Community Driven Development  E.g., in Indonesia and Philippines, provide resources to communities that take initiatives to develop local development plans Widows in West Java: “We now have a group to rely on in need”  Such programs are in 60+ countries with a volume of World Bank support between 1 and 2 billion USD annually

15. ACTION 2015 How does the World Bank support ACTION 2015?  Community Driven Development example through JSDF:  Self help water supply in Sri Lanka “We decided to take our fate into our own hands because if we want to get out of this situation we have to do it ourselves. Even though we are so poor, we are willing to give something, even some of the little we have, to rise above our situation. However, we did not have the opportunity before, as we have received in this project.” Mrs. Hemalatha Aluthgedera, President, Nissankamallapura Village Company.

16. ACTION 2015 How does the World Bank support ACTION 2015?  Conflict Prevention and Reconstruction  E.g., help rebuild infrastructure, economies and societies in Afghanistan, Congo, Somalia  E.g., carry out conflict analysis (Somalia, Nigeria) to study drivers of conflict and recommend policy changes

17. ACTION 2015 How does the World Bank support ACTION 2015?  Social Safeguards  E.g., protect interests of indigenous peoples and involuntarily resettled persons, making sure they benefit in appropriate ways from development interventions  Traditionally main entry point for SD staff, now about 20% of work

18. ACTION 2015 How does the World Bank support ACTION 2015?  Staffing:  Recognized as sector group within the Bank since 1997  About 140 staff (out of 10,000 total), many (about 60) with anthropology or sociology background, but very diverse

19. ACTION 2015 How does the World Bank support ACTION 2015?  Staffing (2):  About 25 staff in central unit  Rest in regional units headed by sector managers and under an ESSD Director (a few in research and World Bank Institute)  Half of social development staff are in country offices, reporting to Regional managers

20. ACTION 2015 Social Development Works  Review from World Bank Operations Evaluation Department shows that attention to social dimensions makes projects work better:  Reviewed 4000 projects closed in the last 30 years  Showed that projects better meet their objectives, are more sustainable and have better institutional development impact  If more themes (e.g., participation and indigenous peoples) are addressed the results are even greater E.g. average of all is about two thirds meet objectives, this increases to 90% if four themes addressed (OED split the three principles into eight themes)  Only one third of projects financed in last thirty years addressed social development themes  About half in last ten years.

21. ACTION 2015 Strategic Objective: Accelerate the trajectory  Heading in the right direction  Portfolio that includes SD increased (to about half in recent years)  Quality of attention to SD issues in other projects improved (85% of good quality up from 75% four years ago according to Internal study)  However, Millennium Development Goals challenge us to go further :  Strengthen policy dialogue and lending – “enabling environment”  Continue to improve project effectiveness – by mainstreaming and free-standing portfolio  Build on foundation of capacity building, advocacy and research

22. ACTION 2015 Increase Attention to SD in the Bank's Policy Dialogue and Policy-based Lending Strengthen multi-stakeholder participation in development and monitoring of macro strategy documents (e.g. Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers, Medium Term Expenditure Framework, Bank Country Assistance Strategy) Improve the social development content of policy analysis, working from positive experiences with Poverty and Social Impact Analysis (PSIA) and social capital studies. Improve content of policy-based lending E.g., budget transparency conditionality, enabling community groups to manage public funds, improving transparency of bidding process

23. ACTION 2015 Improve the effectiveness of Bank- supported investment projects A more systematic approach to social development and stronger follow-through: Improve multi-stakeholder participation – to include better sustainability and monitoring by building into local planning processes; Improve social analysis including efficiency improvements by relying on sector-wide and country- wide work, e.g. country social analysis and Improve mainstreaming of SD concerns into Bank- financed projects and project components and nurture SD portfolio that is currently at about 8% of Bank lending.

24. ACTION 2015 Improve capacity building, advocacy and research Align research priorities better with operational needs by supporting research that: explores further the link between the social dimensions of development and economic growth, refines indicators for social development, and better evaluates the impacts of social development projects. Sustain advocacy based on better aligned research and clarify the aspects of social development the Bank will address directly. Strengthen capacity building

25. ACTION 2015 Human Security and ACTION 2015 Core Principles  Human Security:  Protect and empower people so that they will be able to cope with situations that significantly threaten their survival, livelihoods or dignity  This requires: peace, security and good governance  ACTION 2015:  Inclusion, cohesion and accountability

26. ACTION 2015 Human Security and ACTION 2015 Core Principles  Human Security:  Protect and empower people so that they will be able to cope with situations that significantly threaten their survival, livelihoods or dignity  This requires: peace, security and good governance  ACTION 2015:  Inclusion, cohesion and accountability

27. ACTION 2015 Human Security and ACTION 2015 Core Principles  Human Security:  Protect and empower people so that they will be able to cope with situations that significantly threaten their survival, livelihoods or dignity  This requires: peace, security and good governance  ACTION 2015:  Inclusion, cohesion and accountability

28. ACTION 2015 Human Security and ACTION 2015 Core Principles  Human Security:  Protect and empower people so that they will be able to cope with situations that significantly threaten their survival, livelihoods or dignity  This requires: peace, security and good governance  ACTION 2015:  Inclusion, cohesion and accountability

29. ACTION 2015 Overview  OED Review evidence that social development improves effectiveness  Draft ACTION 2015 Strategy Paper Discussed by World Bank Board Committee December 17  Support for operational principles that answers “What is social development?”  Developing a business plan that answers “How will the World Bank support social development?”  Holding extensive external consultations

30. ACTION 2015 Next steps  Finalize Bank-wide business strategy – third quarter 2004  Dissemination after final Executive Directors’ endorsement - possibly late 2004 early 2005

31. ACTION 2015 Key Question Given the convergence between human security and social development  How can Japan and the World Bank in implementing human security agenda and ACTION 2015?

32. ACTION 2015 “I will not wait” In a letter from Birmingham jail, Martin Luther King Jr.wrote: “How long are my people supposed to wait?… Human progress…takes the hard work of dedicated people like you and me, working together to advance human civilization… I will not wait…”