1. 指導教授 ： 黃光渠 教授 組員 ： 鄭旻昕 、 鍾承耘 、 王泓皓

2. Outline  Last Mile Introductions  Industry Characteristics  Bottleneck Introductions  Background  Fixed–line Existing Situation  References

3. Last Mile Introductions  What is “Last Mile”? The NCC defined the last mile is the copper wire’s local loops between the city's Telecommunication Facilities' main distribution frame (MDF) to the Customer Premise Equipment(CPE).

4. Last Mile Introductions  Last mile can be to three parts as follow table: 1. Local telephone Facilities' MDF (A point) to the distribution point (point B) 2. Distribution point (point B) to the building MDF(C point, usually in the basement) 3. The building MDF (C point) to the CPE(D point) 's vertical pipeline.

5. Categories of last mile Wired systems Copper wire (STP 、 UTP) Cable Optical fiber( FTTCab FTTC ； FTTB ； FTTH) Power Line Circuit Wireless systems Wifi Wimax 1G~4G LTE Satellite communications

6. The last mile -defined by NCC  Last Mile defined by the General of Telecommunication (DGT) era laid "telephone line", which is so-called the "Twisted-Pair copper wire" (XDSL), this part was sold by the stock of Government at a price about 3 hundred millions dollars to Chunghwa Telecom which had been privatization.

9. Industry Characteristics  Natural Monopoly  Vertical integration  Public Utility  Capital Intensive  Bottleneck

10. Bottleneck introductions  Since the liberalization of telecommunications, subscriber loop is the most difficult to achieve effective competition in the telecommunications network parts.  New businesses cannot rely on existing technique to substitute the comprehensive infrastructure and cannot have same economies of scale with existing fixed-line business.  As for fiber optic subscriber loop due to the development stage and still believe that the new entrants and existing operators in the same condition,so not mandatory.

11. Bottleneck introductions  But because of individual business regulations have been treated as different markets.  So there is no "alternative service" concept: although there are two mutually alternative service, one of the services has bottleneck facilities and services still cannot prove that there is another alternative so should not open the bottleneck.

12. Background 1996 Pass the 電信三法 There are three-stage opening of telecommunications services, mobile communications services liberalization were the first stage. The second stage is the liberalization of satellite communications services, as well as the third stage of the fixed-line business liberalization. 2000-2002 Open operators to apply the licenses of the fixed communications network services Issue fixed telecommunications network services licenses There are CHT 、 Eastern Broadband 、 Asia Pacific Broadband 、 Taiwan Fixed Network 、 New Century InfoComm (FET Sparq) operating fixed communication network services. 2002-2014 Chunghwa Telecom HiNet actively promote ADSL services, but also launched Internet TV MOD service, because CHT has the absolute advantage last mile.

13. Fixed–line Existing Situation  In fixed-line broadband, ADSL Internet users continue to turn to use fiber optic, led the first half of 2013 FTTx subscribers annual growth rate of 10.49 %, while the number of ADSL users in the continual loss, the number of users decline to 12.69%.  NCC requirements due to the cost price of Chunghwa Telecom released draft amendments to the "last mile" of telecommunications law has not passed, the Chunghwa Telecom still owns the last mile advantage, coupled with other fixed-line operators laid slower, making 2013 Chunghwa Telecom remains the major domestic fixed-line service.  We can figure out the CHT in 2013 Fixed-line local phone Market share about 94.8% (11.7 million dollars); Broadband Market Share about 94.8% ( 4.55 millions dollars)

14. Fixed–line Existing Situation  And we can figure out the table as follow. Equipment depreciation costs for the industry accounted for the highest proportion of the cost of operating 26.41%

16. References