1. The Federal Government
Chapter 6
The Federal Government

3. Federal Government and Education
10% of public school budgets come from federal money
Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Stimulus Bill) gave more money to education

4. History of Education Events leading up to school reform
Worried schools did not have enough funding to support increasing student population as a result of the baby boom
Low Literacy After WWII
Sputnik (1957)

5. National Defense Education Act (NDEA) 1958
Science Information Services (under Nation Science Foundation)
Student loan program
Funding for science education in elementary and secondary schools
Funding for math and foreign language* programs
Graduate fellowships

7. Importance of Coleman Report
Civil Rights (1964)/
Coleman Report (1979)
Two Concepts of Equal Educational Opportunity
1) Educational inputs (facilities, teachers, materials,
Curriculum)
2) Educational outputs (the growth
in achievement in basic skills and acquisition of knowledge)
Importance of Coleman Report
1) no relationship between school achievement and input measures
2) data showed student achievement was affected by student background
3) became the model for social research

8. A Nation at Risk (1983) 4 Recommendations
1) Core Curriculum for High School Students
2) Raise Standards and Expectations (Standardized Assessment Test & High Admission Requirement for College)
3) More Efficient Time in School
4) Higher Standards for Teacher Preparation
More responsibility for administrators and school leadership

10. Goals 2000: Educate America Act (1994)
Content Standards
Standards-based Curriculum
8 Goals for Education
1) Literacy
2) School Readiness
3) School Completion
4) School Safety
5) Leadership in Math and Science
6) Competencies
7) Parental Involvement
8) Teacher Professional Development

11. Creating National Skill Standards
What teacher should know and be able to do in the 21st Century
Multiple Organizations came together to create Foreign Language Standards (ACTFL, 1993)
5 Cs
Communication
Cultures
Connections
Comparisons
Communities
States could interpret and create own standards

12. No Child Left Behind (NCLB) 2001
States receiving federal funding must be be reviewed by State Standards and Assessment System
Increase accountability of education system
Pressure on all levels of schooling
IDEA was revised to meet NCLB
Students with special needs now need to be accounted for in standardized testing

14. Teacher Preparation Programs and Standards
Carnegie Corporation of New York’s report suggested:
Standards for what teachers should know and be able to do
Standardized assessment to see that teachers meet the standards
National Board of Professional Teaching Standard was created to develop standards for certification.
States also have standards
Interstate New Teacher Assessment and Support Consortium (INTASC) gave federal money to teacher preparation programs

15. Teacher Preparation Programs (continued)
Program Accreditation
National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE) supervises
Structure program to meet standards
Collect evidence and report to council for evaluation
Granted Accreditation, Accreditation with Conditions, or Not Accredited.

16. September 11, 2001 International Education
Increase awareness of cultures
Federal money
Eastern Languages in Schools (Arabic and Chinese)