1. Biofuels and poor peoples access to land Sonja Vermeulen International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) International Land Coalition (ILC)

2. Better safeguards from governments – providing more than strong land tenure More imaginative solutions from small and large businesses (with government incentives)

3. Why biofuels? 4 policy goals: Not all biofuels industries will deliver all 4 goals

4. Opportunities: More diverse and secure livelihoods Broader development benefits (including local energy)

5. Threats: Land concentration Loss of land & resources among poor

6. Rural developmen t goals Imaginative models Opportunities SafeguardsThreats

7. Safeguards For peoples welfare But also for peoples rights and choices

8. Safeguards Protection of local food systems Requirements for local consultation and negotiation Mechanisms for appeal, arbitration and review Clearer definitions of under-utilised, marginal and degraded lands Strengthening of access to the law Integrated setting of social standards

9. Imaginative models For working with farmers and landholders But also for greater shares in the value chain

10. Imaginative models Land lease arrangements Collective land use Market-rate rental Contract farming Purchase agreements Outgrower schemes Joint equity models Land as equity Shares in processing …moving away from one-off compensation towards long- term benefit- sharing… Warning: None of these are perfect!

11. Roles for government Policy frameworks… Local services… Financial incentives… Underwriting… Standard setting… Brokerage… R&D… www.iied.org