1. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Water statistics and accounts in the Republic of Moldova Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team Water Data Centre project/ Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of the Republic of Moldova)

2. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 National demand for water statistics Moldova has signed the International Conventions and agreements related to water resources and has to fulfill its obligations: Convention on protection trans boundaries rivers and lakes (Helsinki, 1992), Black Sea convention on the environment (1994), Sofia convention on the Danube River (1994), RAMSAR (1971). The Parliament and the Government of Moldova has adopted Framework of national policy in the water resources domain 2003- 2010 (N 325-XV din 18.07.2003 )

3. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Water statistics Monitoring & surveys for quantitative and qualitative indicators of the availability, state and use of water resources quantitative and qualitative indicators of the availability, state and use of water resources Water as resource for population & agriculture Pressure on water resource ( in Moldova households pollution has replaced industrial) Supports sustainable development in country

4. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Methodology used for water accounts case study in Moldova Physical accounts for water resource in raw quantities using SEEA 2 projects: 1998-2000: initial project by the statistical institute (DASS) & IFEN (French Environment Institute) Since October 2001: lead by Ministry of Ecology (with IFEN & Beture Cerec)

5. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 The set of environmental and economic accounts for water The accounts presented above are a gateway between the domain of economic statistics (the National Accounts and their input-output tables (I-O Tables) and the domain of environmental and resource monitoring and assessment (generally presented by means of indicators). I-O Tables, NAMEA Uses Resource accounts Supply & Use accounts Quality accounts Emission accounts Expenditure accounts Main Linkages to National Accounts Accounts of the domain Monitoring & Surveys I-O Tables, NAMEA Emissions Production & Income Accounts Assets Accounts

6. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Water accounts cover From the economic perspective, : Resource usage per sector Resource usage per sector Polluting discharges per sector (emissions from sectors) Polluting discharges per sector (emissions from sectors) Expenditure for resource protection and operation. Expenditure for resource protection and operation. From media point of view : The resource system (hydrological system) The resource system (hydrological system) Water quality (rivers and aquifers, at least) Water quality (rivers and aquifers, at least) Discharge of pollutants to the media. Discharge of pollutants to the media.

7. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Main data sources Meteo data (Hydrometeo service) Meteo data (Hydrometeo service) Hydrological data (Hydrometeo service) Hydrological data (Hydrometeo service) Groundwater survey data (AgeoM & Ministry of Health) Groundwater survey data (AgeoM & Ministry of Health) Surface water survey data (Ministry of Health) Surface water survey data (Ministry of Health) Inventory data: lakes, dams, wells, WWTP ( State Ecological Inspectorate, Apele Moldovei, AgeoM & Ministry of Health ) Inventory data: lakes, dams, wells, WWTP ( State Ecological Inspectorate, Apele Moldovei, AgeoM & Ministry of Health ) Surveys & consulting companies & IFEN ( Beture-Cerec, TAHAL) Surveys & consulting companies & IFEN ( Beture-Cerec, TAHAL) Annual Survey by Apele Moldovei, the National Water Agency (reports from companies, communal services and irrigation supply) Annual Survey by Apele Moldovei, the National Water Agency (reports from companies, communal services and irrigation supply) Household Budget Survey & Special household surveys related environmental needs (NBS - Statistical Institute) Household Budget Survey & Special household surveys related environmental needs (NBS - Statistical Institute) Annual technical & economical report by Communal services (NBS & Water Company) Annual technical & economical report by Communal services (NBS & Water Company)

8. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Water resource : the sources of data depend on the natural conditions and on the monitoring systems Meteorology (precipitation, but also basis of calculation of potential evapotranspiration) Meteorology (precipitation, but also basis of calculation of potential evapotranspiration) Institute of agronomy : Water stock of the soils and vegetation coverage (for the calculation of actual evapotranspiration). Institute of agronomy : Water stock of the soils and vegetation coverage (for the calculation of actual evapotranspiration). Hydrology/Hydrogeology institute, flow in the water-courses and groundwater table level, Hydrology/Hydrogeology institute, flow in the water-courses and groundwater table level, Various services : reserves in dams, cartography, etc. Various services : reserves in dams, cartography, etc.

9. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Primary Data Sources for Resource Accounts

10. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Survey about water consumption run by Apele Moldovei the National Water Agency Annual mandatory questionnaire sent to economic agents Data give view about abstraction, supply, use, discharge of water in m3 & emissions of pollutants in tones From 1983 the survey was exhaustive Presently, new approach by Apele Moldovei: Selective survey + Water accounts

11. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 HBS used as a basic survey to study ecological needs: one page added to the main Questionnaire 1: 1999 survey First ecological survey to define current ecological problems: actual ecological problems of the population of the country, actual ecological problems of the population of the country, populations attitude to problems, populations attitude to problems, level of environment pollution directly caused by households level of environment pollution directly caused by households Including a number of questions on water issues Used type of water resources Used type of water resources Volume consumed water Volume consumed water Quality of drinking water Quality of drinking water Influence of water to human health status. Influence of water to human health status. In December 1999, 520households (families) were enrolled with a total number of 1,4 thousand persons, 63% of them in rural areas In December 1999, 520households (families) were enrolled with a total number of 1,4 thousand persons, 63% of them in rural areas

12. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Second survey concentrated only on water problems and other related issues: state, pollution, consumption, water supply and water management. To analyze the current trends, some questions from the first survey were included in the second survey: access to water supply, water consumption, quality of drinking water in wells and springs, influence of state of water on health status On April 2001, representative sample of 521 households, involving 1404 persons, from urban and rural areas HBS used as a basic survey to study ecological needs: one page added to the main Questionnaire 2: 2001 survey

13. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Climatic characteristics: data set

14. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Rivers and streams in Moldova: data set

15. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Flows characteristic of rivers and streams, Moldova: data set

16. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Reservoirs and lakes, Moldova: data set

17. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Groundwater resource, Moldova: data set

18. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Outcome of water accounts studies in Moldova Implementation of Physical accounts on water resources Asset water accounts for 1994,1998 & 2000 Water Supply & Use Accounts for 1994,1998, 2000& 2002 Methodology: Combined supply & use table (SEEA tables 8.3 & 8.5) Data collection with a set of interlinked sub accounts tables & intermediate tables Gaps & lack of data about water Detection of unreliable data on abstraction & consumption: agriculture, communal plants, manufacture…… Absence of data on households water consumption, specially in countryside Orientation for improvement For statistics Creation of an informatics database on water in Moldova

19. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Water resource account, first, 1994

20. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Water resource account, first, 1998

21. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 An asset account for water, 1994, SEEA, Table 8.7

22. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Transfers between water resources, SEEA, Table 8.8, 1994 & 1998

23. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 An asset account for water, SEEA Table 8.7, 1998

24. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 WATER RESOURCE AND USE ACCOUNTS Resource Availability Indicators Resource Availability Indicators e.g. : Groundwater replenishment rate, Natural inflows, Annual available resource (net…) e.g. : Groundwater replenishment rate, Natural inflows, Annual available resource (net…) Resource Use Indicators Resource Use Indicators e.g. Intensity of abstraction by sectors, Total consumption of water, Returns of waste water e.g. Intensity of abstraction by sectors, Total consumption of water, Returns of waste water Resource Depletion Indicators Resource Depletion Indicators e.g. Evapo-transpiration inducted by irrigation, Depletion of groundwater (net accumulation…) e.g. Evapo-transpiration inducted by irrigation, Depletion of groundwater (net accumulation…)

25. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Policy making indicator Water balance is essential for the optimization of water management and use Water balance is essential for the optimization of water management and use Renewable water resource Renewable water resource Non-renewable water resource Non-renewable water resource Quality of water resource is determined by natural factors and by human activities Quality of water resource is determined by natural factors and by human activities Population connected to wastewater treatment Population connected to wastewater treatment Industrial & agriculture activities Industrial & agriculture activities Urbanization process impact Urbanization process impact

26. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Implementing water accounts 1. Physical accounts require validation by policy makers : Water Agency, Ministry of Economy, Ministry of Environment; 2. Possibility of making detailed physical water accounts has to be checked (lack of data on consumption by farmers, small business, rural households…) 3. Difficulties for statistical institute to maintain such type of accounts because physical water accounts are asking for combination skills of statisticians & ecologist, hydrologist, chemistries 4. Implementation of water accounts demanding multi-institutional involvement

27. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Water resources quality indices the average annual concentration of pollutant in the locality, on the spot, in the river basin, mg/l the average annual concentration of pollutant in the locality, on the spot, in the river basin, mg/l media-variant, which corresponds to the probability rate of 50%, in % media-variant, which corresponds to the probability rate of 50%, in % recurrence of pollutant content in the water higher than SCL (Standard Concentration Limit), 10SCL, 30SCL, 50SCL, 100SCL, % recurrence of pollutant content in the water higher than SCL (Standard Concentration Limit), 10SCL, 30SCL, 50SCL, 100SCL, % enabling to characterize the state of water for the purposes of compliance with the current norms and standards. enabling to characterize the state of water for the purposes of compliance with the current norms and standards.

28. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Pollution of water resources, Moldova, 1980-2002 Year Events of high pollution, units Ammoniacal nitrogen Nitrite nitrogen 1980791512 198518554127 19901454970 1994542232 1998351421 199920812 200024109 200120146 200220146 Source: « Hydrometeo » Service

29. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Sanitary & Hygienic monitoring surface water resources, Moldova Year Number of samples, units Out of which with deviation from standards In % 199788051258 200287737943 Source: Ministry of Health

30. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Step to water resources quality account quality data (from Ecology and Health) merged and processed with Nopolu using the French SEQ-eau methodology Step to water resources quality account quality data (from Ecology and Health) merged and processed with Nopolu using the French SEQ-eau methodology

31. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Expenditure for protection and efficient use of water resources Current expenditures Current expenditures Capital investment Capital investment Cost of water protection fixed assets Cost of water protection fixed assets Taxes for water pollution Taxes for water pollution Fees for accidental pollution Fees for accidental pollution Tariff for water supply Tariff for water supply

32. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Expenditure for prevention & protection environment mandatory report mandatory report Annual Annual Economic agent to maintain environmental equipment Economic agent to maintain environmental equipment National Bureau of Statistics National Bureau of Statistics

33. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Capital investment data in preventing & protection environment Mandatory report Mandatory report Annual Annual Companies Companies Implement environmental projects & measures Implement environmental projects & measures

34. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Capital investment for prevention & protection water resources, Moldova Source: National Birou of Statistics Year Total, in current prices, th lei In% to total environmental investments 198516,561 199014,347 19956715,358 19961826,729 199712450,775 19981467,134 20001314,622 20013257,227 20024248,329

35. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Cost of fixed assets for prevention & protection water resources, Moldova Source: National Birou of Statistics Year average annual balance value, in current prices, mil lei In % to total of environmetal fixed assets 19850,399 19900,499 1995133,386 1996487,896 1997869,585 1998910,882 2000889,491 2001861,189 2002880,888

36. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 Water accounts in the Moldavian news letters and magazines

37. Dr. Jana Tafi & WDC team International Work Session on Water Statistics Vienna, Austria, 20 June – 22 June 2005 WaterData Centre Cartographicdata (Cadastre,rivers,lakes, watersupply networks….), ApeleMoldovei (watersupply,piping, sewerage.) Ownpurposestatistics Hydro-MeteorologicalService (waterquality, riverdischarge, flux calculations,rainfalldata) Reportingto UNECE, UNDP, OECD, WHO, EEA, EU-WFD… NationalWaterR/Q Indicators MinistryofHealth (drinkingwaterquality data,health/environment data,etc;) MinistryofEcology and Natural Resources WATER DATA CENTRE AssociationMoldageom (undergroundwaterresource) DepartmentofStatistics andSociology (socio-economicdata) Ownpurposestatistics Institutional cooperation for water accounting: The WATER DATA CENTRE in Moldova