1. A Close Look at Macdonald’s National Policy 7.4.1 explain how the expansion and development of Canada during the 1870s and early 1880s affected its various peoples and regions  Investigate how the National Policy empowered and disempowered the regions of Canada Instructions: Using pages 154-159, critically analyze Macdonald’s National Policy in terms of its benefits for the country, and the advantages and disadvantages it would bring to selected regions

2. Policy Ideas Encouraging immigration Building of the railway Protection of Canadian industries

3. Encouraging immigration National Benefits Build European-style market economy producing grain & cattle to be sold Regional Advantages Dominion Lands Act encourage homesteading (farmers & ranchers move to an area never farmed) on prairies Regional Disadvantages DLA rules to stop people buying land and sell later at higher price (only encouraged homesteading)

4. Building of the railway National Benefits Transport settlers to West & farm products to East Longest railway in the world Regional Advantages Transport settlers to West Transport farm products to East Jobs: 5000 men 24 hrs. for 2 yrs. to build prairie part B.C. promised a railway Regional Disadvantages Challenges in swampy north shore of the Great Lakes Getting through steep Rocky Mountains to B.C. High cost of labour & finding workers willing to do dangerous jobs

5. Protection of Canadian industries National Benefits Canada would do more of its own manufacturing (improve economy) People would buy more goods manufactured in Canada (less expensive than taxed imports) Regional Advantages Central Canada manufacturing industries grew strong & provided jobs

6. Protection of Canadian industries Regional Disadvantages West: cost of shipping raw materials was high; i.e. hard to make profit West: depended on how well business did in Central Canada West: high price of manufactured goods (shipping costs & import taxes) East: import taxes slowed international trade East paid high price for Central Canada’s manufactured goods but weren’t paid high price for raw materials East: NP only helped Central Canada’s manufacturing, not Eastern manufacturing