1. Summary from Organic Chemistry Packet:
Introduction to organic chemistry

2. 1. Nomenclature based on alkanes
Know alkanes for C1-C10
Recognize the formula/name of
Alkenes (double bond)
Alkynes (triple bond)
Cycloalkanes (ring structure)
Ex: Write the chemical formula and structural formula for:
Octane
2- Butyne
1, 3- Heptadiene

3. Hydrocarbons
Compounds of C and H and often a third or more additional elements
Subgroups:
Alkanes: Containing only C-C single bonds
Alkenes: C=C double bonds as well as single bonds
Alkynes: carbon-carbon triple bonds as well as single bonds.
Aromatic: hydrocarbons containing benzene rings.

5. 2. Branched alkanes and isomers
Understand the basic rules for writing & naming branched alkanes.
Recognize and name structural isomers
Ex: Name the following molecules:

6. Hydrocarbons & Structural Isomerism
Isomers of C5H12
C5H12 has 3 structural isomers.
C6H14 has 5
C7H14 has 9
And so on

7. How many isomers can you draw for heptane?

8. Alkenes: Compounds with C=C Double Bonds
Result of loss of free rotation about the C=C brings about “Geometric Isomers”
Increase in reactivity over alkanes
X-Y addition reactions are possible
X2, H2, HX and H2O can add across the double bond.

9. Geometric (stereo) Isomers:
Recognize the terms cis-, trans- isomers
Unsaturated molecules
Orientation around the double bond

10. Naming Alkenes: cis & trans

11. Alkynes Alkynes have carbon-carbon triple bonds.
C2H2: common name = acetylene systematic name = ethyne
Preparation:
CaC2(s) + 2H2O(l)  C2H2 (g) + Ca(OH)2(s)

12. Aromatic compounds Benzene, C6H6, is a key molecule in chemistry.
It is the simplest aromatic compound, a class of compounds so named because they have significant, and usually not unpleasant, odors.

13. Functional Groups: Recognize functional groups
Name compounds based on functional groups

14. Organic chemistry & reactions
Be familiar with some basic properties of an organic reaction:
Combustion (know this for sure!)
Condensation (H2O removed)
Addition ( of a halogen to an unsaturated alkane)
Substitution (of a halide)